Terumot 4

מִמֶּנּוּ תְּרוּמָה עָלָיו, אֲבָל לֹא לְמָקוֹם אַחֵר. רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר, אַף מוֹצִיא הוּא מִמָּקוֹם אַחֵר תְּרוּמָה וּמַעַשְׂרוֹת:

One who sets aside only part of [the] <i>Terumah</i> [produce consecrated for priestly consumption] and tithes [that are in one place], may take from [that place the rest of the] <i>Terumah</i> for that [place], but not for another place. Rabbi Meir says: he may also take from <i>Terumah</i> and tithes for another place.

מִי שֶׁהָיוּ פֵרוֹתָיו בַּמְּגוּרָה, וְנָתַן סְאָה לְבֶן לֵוִי וּסְאָה לְעָנִי, מַפְרִישׁ עַד שְׁמֹנֶה סְאִין וְאוֹכְלָן, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי מֵאִיר. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, אֵינוֹ מַפְרִישׁ אֶלָּא לְפִי חֶשְׁבּוֹן:

If one had his produce in a storehouse, and he gave a <i>Se'ah</i> [specific unit of volume] to a Levite and a <i>Se'ah</i> to a poor person, he may set aside another eight <i>Se'in</i> [from the storehouse] and eat them, the words of Rabbi Meir. But the Sages say: he may only set aside according to the account [when <i>Terumah</i> and tithes have been given for all the produce in the storehouse].

שִׁעוּר תְּרוּמָה, עַיִן יָפָה, אֶחָד מֵאַרְבָּעִים. בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, מִשְּׁלֹשִׁים. וְהַבֵּינוֹנִית, מֵחֲמִשִּׁים. וְהָרָעָה, מִשִּׁשִּׁים. תָּרַם וְעָלָה בְיָדוֹ אֶחָד מִשִּׁשִּׁים, תְּרוּמָה, וְאֵינוֹ צָרִיךְ לִתְרֹם. חָזַר וְהוֹסִיף, חַיָּב בְּמַעַשְׂרוֹת. עָלָה בְיָדוֹ מִשִּׁשִּׁים וְאֶחָד, תְּרוּמָה, וְיַחֲזֹר וְיִתְרֹם כְּמוֹת שֶׁהוּא לָמוּד, בְּמִדָּה וּבְמִשְׁקָל וּבְמִנְיָן. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אַף שֶׁלֹּא מִן הַמֻּקָּף:

The amount of <i>Terumah</i>: A fair-eyed [generous amount]: one out of forty. Beit Shammai say: out of thirty. The average [amount]: out of fifty. A stingy [amount]: out of sixty. If he set aside <i>Terumah</i> and found that it was only one out of sixty, [it is valid] <i>Terumah</i> and he need not set aside [more] <i>Terumah</i>. If he does go back and add [more <i>Terumah</i>], [the extra amount] requires tithing. If he found that it was only one out of sixty-five [it is valid] <i>Terumah</i>, but he must set aside <i>Terumah</i> again according to his habitual practice, in measure, weight or number. Rabbi Yehudah says: [he may] even [set aside <i>Terumah</i>] not from the surrounding [produce].

הָאוֹמֵר לִשְׁלוּחוֹ, צֵא וּתְרֹם, תּוֹרֵם כְּדַעְתּוֹ שֶׁל בַּעַל הַבָּיִת. אִם אֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ דַּעְתּוֹ שֶׁל בַּעַל הַבַּיִת, תּוֹרֵם כְּבֵינוֹנִית, אֶחָד מֵחֲמִשִּׁים. פִּחֵת עֲשָׂרָה אוֹ הוֹסִיף עֲשָׂרָה, תְּרוּמָתוֹ תְרוּמָה. אִם נִתְכַּוֵּן לְהוֹסִיף אֲפִלּוּ אַחַת, אֵין תְּרוּמָתוֹ תְרוּמָה:

One who says to his messenger: “Go and set aside <i>Terumah</i> [for me],” [the messenger] should set aside <i>Terumah</i> according to the mind of the owner. If he does not know the mind of the owner, he gives according to the average [amount]—one out of fifty. If he gave ten [parts] less or ten [parts] more, his <i>Terumah</i> is [valid] <i>Terumah</i>. If his intention was to add even one part more, his <i>Terumah</i> is not [valid] <i>Terumah</i>.

הַמַּרְבֶּה בִּתְרוּמָה, רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, אֶחָד מֵעֲשָׂרָה, כִּתְרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר, יָתֵר מִכָּאן, יַעֲשֶׂנָּה תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר לְמָקוֹם אַחֵר. רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל אוֹמֵר, מֶחֱצָה חֻלִּין וּמֶחֱצָה תְּרוּמָה. רַבִּי טַרְפוֹן וְרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמְרִים, עַד שֶׁיְּשַׁיֵּר שָׁם חֻלִּין:

One who gives more <i>Terumah</i>: Rabbi Eliezer says: [he may give up to] one out of ten, as in the case of <i>Terumat Ma'aser</i> [a portion of the tithes that is given to the priest]. [If he gave] more than this, he must make [the extra into] <i>Terumat Ma'aser</i> for other produce. Rabbi Yishmael says: [he may give up until the mixture is] half <i>Chulin</i> [non-sacred produce] and half <i>Terumah</i>. Rabbi Tarfon and Rabbi Akiva say: [he may give] as long as there remains [enough to carry] the name of <i>Chulin</i>.

בִּשְׁלֹשָׁה פְרָקִים מְשַׁעֲרִים אֶת הַכַּלְכָּלָה, בַּבַּכּוּרוֹת, וּבַסְּיָפוֹת, וּבְאֶמְצַע הַקָּיִץ. הַמּוֹנֶה, מְשֻׁבָּח. וְהַמּוֹדֵד, מְשֻׁבָּח מִמֶּנּוּ. וְהַשּׁוֹקֵל, מְשֻׁבָּח מִשְּׁלָשְׁתָּן:

On three occasions they measure the contents of the basket [to determine how much <i>Terumah</i> must be given]: At the time of the first ripe fruits, and of the late summer fruits, and in the middle of the summer. He who counts [the fruit] is praiseworthy, and he who measures it is more praiseworthy than him, and he who weighs them is the most praiseworthy of all three.

רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, תְּרוּמָה, עוֹלָה בְּאֶחָד וּמֵאָה. רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אוֹמֵר, בְּמֵאָה וָעוֹד. וָעוֹד זֶה, אֵין לוֹ שִׁעוּר. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בֶּן מְשֻׁלָּם אוֹמֵר, וָעוֹד, קַב לְמֵאָה סְאָה, שְׁתוּת לַמְּדַמֵּעַ:

Rabbi Eliezer says: <i>Terumah</i> can be removed [if it falls into a mixture] of one hundred and one [times its size]. Rabbi Joshua says: in a hundred and more, and this 'more' has no definite measure. Rabbi Yosi ben Meshullam says: this 'more' must be a <i>Kav</i> [specific unit of volume] to a hundred <i>Se'ah</i>, a sixth [of the <i>Se'ah</i>] renders [the mixture] as <i>Demai</i> [produce from which it is uncertain if tithes were already taken].

רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אוֹמֵר, תְּאֵנִים שְׁחוֹרוֹת מַעֲלוֹת אֶת הַלְּבָנוֹת, לְבָנוֹת, מַעֲלוֹת אֶת הַשְּׁחוֹרוֹת. עִגּוּלֵי דְבֵלָה, הַגְּדוֹלִים מַעֲלִים אֶת הַקְּטַנִּים, וְהַקְּטַנִּים מַעֲלִין אֶת הַגְּדוֹלִים. הָעִגּוּלִים מַעֲלִין אֶת הַמַּלְבְּנִים, וְהַמַּלְבְּנִים מַעֲלִין אֶת הָעִגּוּלִים. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹסֵר. וְרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, בְּיָדוּעַ מַה נָּפְלָה, אֵין מַעֲלוֹת זוֹ אֶת זוֹ, וּכְשֶׁאֵינוֹ יָדוּעַ מַה נָּפְלָה, מַעֲלוֹת זוֹ אֶת זוֹ:

Rabbi Yehoshua says: black figs can be counted together with the white [to remove a white fig that is <i>Terumah</i> and fell into a mixture of black and white figs], and the white can be counted together with the black [to remove a black fig]. In the case of cakes of figs, the large can be counted together with the small, and the small can be counted together with the large. The round [cakes of figs] can be counted together with the square [cakes], and the square can be counted together with the round. Rabbi Eliezer prohibits this. Rabbi Akiva says: if it is known what [kind] fell in, then the one [kind] cannot be counted together with the other, but if it is not known what [kind] fell in, then the one [kind] can be counted together with the other.

כֵּיצַד, חֲמִשִּׁים תְּאֵנִים שְׁחוֹרוֹת וַחֲמִשִּׁים לְבָנוֹת, נָפְלָה שְׁחוֹרָה, שְׁחוֹרוֹת אֲסוּרוֹת וְהַלְּבָנוֹת מֻתָּרוֹת. נָפְלָה לְבָנָה, לְבָנוֹת אֲסוּרוֹת וּשְׁחוֹרוֹת מֻתָּרוֹת. בְּשֶׁאֵינוֹ יָדוּעַ מַה נָּפְלָה, מַעֲלוֹת זוֹ אֶת זוֹ. בְּזוֹ רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר מַחְמִיר, וְרַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ מֵקֵל:

How [does Rabbi Akiva decide]? If there were fifty black figs and fifty white, and a black [fig] fell in, the black are forbidden, but the white are permitted; and if a white [fig] fell in, the white are forbidden and the black are permitted. If it is not known what [kind] fell in, then the one [kind] can be counted together with the other. In this [case], Rabbi Eliezer is stringent and Rabbi Yehoshua is lenient.

וּבְזוֹ רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר מֵקֵל, וְרַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ מַחְמִיר. בְּדוֹרֵס לִיטְרָא קְצִיעוֹת עַל פִּי הַכַּד וְאֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ אֵיזוֹהִי, רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, רוֹאִין אוֹתָן כְּאִלּוּ הֵן פְּרוּדוֹת, וְהַתַּחְתּוֹנוֹת מַעֲלוֹת אֶת הָעֶלְיוֹנוֹת. רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אוֹמֵר, לֹא תַעֲלֶה עַד שֶׁיִּהְיוּ שָׁם מֵאָה כַדִּים:

But in this [following case], Rabbi Eliezer is lenient and Rabbi Yehoshua stringent. If one was pressing a litra of cut figs [of <i>Terumah</i>] by a jar and he did not know which [jar was used]: Rabbi Eliezer says: they [the cut figs] are to be regarded as if they are separate, so that the lower [figs] can be counted together with the higher. Rabbi Yehoshua says: the <i>Terumah</i> cannot be removed unless there are a hundred jars there.

סְאָה תְרוּמָה שֶׁנָּפְלָה עַל פִּי מְגוּרָה וְקִפְּאָהּ, רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, אִם יֵשׁ בַּקִּפּוּי מֵאָה סְאָה, תַּעֲלֶה בְּאֶחָד וּמֵאָה, וְרַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אוֹמֵר, לֹא תַעֲלֶה. סְאָה תְרוּמָה שֶׁנָּפְלָה עַל פִּי מְגוּרָה, יַקְפִּיאֶנָּה. וְאִם כֵּן, לָמָּה אָמְרוּ תְּרוּמָה עוֹלָה בְּאֶחָד וּמֵאָה, אִם אֵינוֹ יָדוּעַ אִם בְּלוּלוֹת הֵן, אוֹ לְאַיִן נָפְלָה:

A <i>Se'ah</i> of <i>Terumah</i> which fell on top of a stockpile and stays on the surface: Rabbi Eliezer says: if at the surface there are one hundred <i>Se'ah</i>, it can be removed [since the mixture is] one hundred and one [times its size]. But Rabbi Yehoshua says: it cannot be removed. A <i>Se'ah</i> of <i>Terumah</i> which fell on top of a stockpile, he must skim it off. If so, why did they say that <i>Terumah</i> can be removed in [a mixture] one hundred and one [times its size]? [This applies] if it is not known whether they have become mixed up or where they have fallen.

שְׁתֵּי קֻפּוֹת וּשְׁתֵּי מְגוּרוֹת שֶׁנָּפְלָה סְאָה תְרוּמָה לְתוֹךְ אַחַת מֵהֶן, וְאֵין יָדוּעַ לְאֵיזוֹ מֵהֶן נָפְלָה, מַעֲלוֹת זוֹ אֶת זוֹ. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, אֲפִלּוּ הֵם בִּשְׁתֵּי עֲיָרוֹת, מַעֲלוֹת זוֹ אֶת זוֹ:

Two baskets or two stockpiles, and a <i>Se'ah</i> of <i>Terumah</i> has fallen into one of them and it is not known into which it has fallen, then the one [kind] can be counted together with the other. Rabbi Shimon says: even if they are in two cities, the one [kind] can be counted together with the other.

אָמַר רַבִּי יוֹסֵי, מַעֲשֶׂה בָא לִפְנֵי רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא בַּחֲמִשִּׁים אֲגֻדּוֹת שֶׁל יָרָק, שֶׁנָּפְלָה אַחַת מֵהֶן לְתוֹכָן, חֶצְיָהּ תְּרוּמָה, וְאָמַרְתִּי לְפָנָיו, תַּעֲלֶה. לֹא שֶׁהַתְּרוּמָה תַעֲלֶה בַּחֲמִשִּׁים וְאֶחָד, אֶלָּא שֶׁהָיוּ שָׁם מֵאָה וּשְׁנֵי חֲצָיִים:

Rabbi Yosi said: A case once came before Rabbi Akiva concerning fifty bundles of vegetables into which a bundle had fallen, half of which was <i>Terumah</i>. And I said in front of him, that it can be removed, not because <i>Terumah</i> can be removed in [a mixture that is] fifty-one [times its size], but because there were one hundred and two halves there.