Commentary for Terumot 4:5
הַמַּרְבֶּה בִּתְרוּמָה, רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, אֶחָד מֵעֲשָׂרָה, כִּתְרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר, יָתֵר מִכָּאן, יַעֲשֶׂנָּה תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר לְמָקוֹם אַחֵר. רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל אוֹמֵר, מֶחֱצָה חֻלִּין וּמֶחֱצָה תְּרוּמָה. רַבִּי טַרְפוֹן וְרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמְרִים, עַד שֶׁיְּשַׁיֵּר שָׁם חֻלִּין:
One who gives more <i>Terumah</i>: Rabbi Eliezer says: [he may give up to] one out of ten, as in the case of <i>Terumat Ma'aser</i> [a portion of the tithes that is given to the priest]. [If he gave] more than this, he must make [the extra into] <i>Terumat Ma'aser</i> for other produce. Rabbi Yishmael says: [he may give up until the mixture is] half <i>Chulin</i> [non-sacred produce] and half <i>Terumah</i>. Rabbi Tarfon and Rabbi Akiva say: [he may give] as long as there remains [enough to carry] the name of <i>Chulin</i>.
Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
חד מעשרה – he is able to increase and to separate Terumah, for since that we find that the designation of Terumah in another place, which is one out of ten. But if it even greater [a percentage], the designation of Terumah is not on that excess, and it is unconsecrated produce that is subject to sacred gifts of tithes, and it is subject to the laws of Terumah, and this is its remedy, that he should make it Terumah of the tithe (i.e., that which the Levite gives to the Kohen) in another place, and give it to the Levite that he can make it the Terumah of the tithe of his eatables forbidden pending the separation of sacred gifts, and the Levite will give him unconsecrated produce corresponding to that excess. And that we say that he should make it Terumah of the tithe for another place and did not say that he should make it Terumah/heave offering for another place, because we don’t give Terumah/heave offering other than from that which is close b, vut the Terumah of the tithe, we separate it from something not close by.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
Introduction
In mishnah three we learned the minimum amounts that one can give as terumah. Today we learn the maximum amounts.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
מחצה חולין ומחצה תרומה – that he (i.e., Rabbi Yishmael) held that a person can make half of his pile Terumah/heave-offering, as it is written (Deuteronomy 18:4): “You shall also give him the first fruits [of your new grain and wine and oil, and the first shearing of your sheep],” it is enough for the first that it be like grain [and the first is Terumah/heave-offering] and the grain is the left-overs.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
One who wishes to give more terumah:
Rabbi Eliezer says: he may give up to a tenth part, as in the case of heave-offering of tithe. [If he gave] more than this [measure] he must make it terumah of tithe for other produce. Rabbi Eliezer says that one cannot give more than one tenth of one’s produce as terumah. This is equivalent to the amount of terumah that the Levite separates and gives to the priest from the tithe that he receives. If he gave more than this, then the extra amount doesn’t count as terumah. Rather it is considered untithed and one must tithe it before it is eaten. However, he can’t give any of it to the Levite because there is terumah mixed in with it (the ten percent does count as terumah). So what he can do is let the Levite use the entire amount that he separated as terumat maaser (terumah taken from first tithe) for other produce that he has received as tithe. In this way it will all become terumah.
Rabbi Eliezer says: he may give up to a tenth part, as in the case of heave-offering of tithe. [If he gave] more than this [measure] he must make it terumah of tithe for other produce. Rabbi Eliezer says that one cannot give more than one tenth of one’s produce as terumah. This is equivalent to the amount of terumah that the Levite separates and gives to the priest from the tithe that he receives. If he gave more than this, then the extra amount doesn’t count as terumah. Rather it is considered untithed and one must tithe it before it is eaten. However, he can’t give any of it to the Levite because there is terumah mixed in with it (the ten percent does count as terumah). So what he can do is let the Levite use the entire amount that he separated as terumat maaser (terumah taken from first tithe) for other produce that he has received as tithe. In this way it will all become terumah.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
עד שישייר שם חולין – we do not require oly that its left-overs be recognized, and the Halakha is according to Rabbi Tarfon and Rabbi Akiva.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
Rabbi Ishmael says: half non-sacred produce and half terumah. According to Rabbi Ishmael, he can give half of the pile as terumah.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
Rabbi Tarfon and Rabbi Akiba say: as long as he retains a part as non-sacred produce. Rabbi Tarfon and Rabbi Akiva allow him to give as much as he wants, as long as some of the pile remains non-sacred produce.
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