Peah 3

מַלְבְּנוֹת הַתְּבוּאָה שֶׁבֵּין הַזֵּיתִים, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, פֵּאָה מִכָּל אַחַת וְאֶחָת. בֵּית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, מֵאֶחָד עַל הַכֹּל. וּמוֹדִים, שֶׁאִם הָיוּ רָאשֵׁי שׁוּרוֹת מְעֹרָבִין, שֶׁהוּא נוֹתֵן פֵּאָה מֵאֶחָד עַל הַכֹּל:

For rectangular beds of grain that are between olive trees, the school of Shammai says: [Give] <i>Peah</i> [corner of the field that must be given to the poor] from each and every one; the school of Hillel says: [Give] from one for all of them. They concede [however,] that if the heads of the rows are intertwined, one gives <i>Peah</i> from one for all of them.

הַמְנַמֵּר אֶת שָׂדֵהוּ וְשִׁיֵּר קְלָחִים לַחִים, רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, נוֹתֵן פֵּאָה מִכָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, מֵאֶחָד עַל הַכֹּל. וּמוֹדִים חֲכָמִים לְרַבִּי עֲקִיבָא בְּזוֹרֵעַ שֶׁבֶת אוֹ חַרְדָּל בִּשְׁלשָׁה מְקוֹמוֹת, שֶׁהוּא נוֹתֵן פֵּאָה מִכָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד:

If one harvests [the ripe stalks of] his field and leaves over moist stalks, Rabbi Akiva says: One gives <i>Peah</i> from each and every one; the Sages say: One gives <i>Peah</i> from one for all of them. The Sages concede to Rabbi Akiva in [a case of] one who sows dill or mustard in three places, that he gives <i>Peah</i> from each and every one.

הַמַּחֲלִיק בְּצָלִים לַחִים לַשּׁוּק וּמְקַיֵּם יְבֵשִׁים לַגֹּרֶן, נוֹתֵן פֵּאָה לָאֵלּוּ לְעַצְמָן וְלָאֵלּוּ לְעַצְמָן. וְכֵן בַּאֲפוּנִין, וְכֵן בַּכֶּרֶם. הַמֵּדֵל, נוֹתֵן מִן הַמְשֹׁאָר עַל מַה שֶּׁשִּׁיֵּר. וְהַמַּחֲלִיק מֵאַחַת יַד, נוֹתֵן מִן הַמְשֹׁאָר עַל הַכֹּל:

One who uproots moist onions [to take] to the market, while leaving the dry ones for the granary, gives <i>Peah</i> for both separately. And thus it is for beans, and thus it is for a vineyard. One who thins out [the field] gives from the remnant for the remainder, and one who uproots from one particular area gives from the remnant for the whole.

הָאִמָּהוֹת שֶׁל בְּצָלִים חַיָּבוֹת בְּפֵאָה, וְרַבִּי יוֹסֵי פּוֹטֵר. מַלְבְּנוֹת הַבְּצָלִים שֶׁבֵּין הַיָּרָק, רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, פֵּאָה מִכָּל אַחַת וְאֶחָת. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, מֵאַחַת עַל הַכֹּל:

The [seed] onions are obligated in <i>Peah</i>; Rabbi Yosi exempts. For the rectangular beds of onions that are between other vegetables, Rabbi Yosi says: <i>Peah</i> must be taken from each and every one; the Sages say: From one for all of them.

הָאַחִין שֶׁחָלְקוּ, נוֹתְנִין שְׁתֵּי פֵאוֹת. חָזְרוּ וְנִשְׁתַּתְּפוּ, נוֹתְנִין פֵּאָה אַחַת. שְׁנַיִם שֶׁלָּקְחוּ אֶת הָאִילָן, נוֹתְנִין פֵּאָה אַחַת. לָקַח זֶה צְפוֹנוֹ וְזֶה דְרוֹמוֹ, זֶה נוֹתֵן פֵּאָה לְעַצְמוֹ, וְזֶה נוֹתֵן פֵּאָה לְעַצְמוֹ. הַמּוֹכֵר קִלְחֵי אִילָן בְּתוֹךְ שָׂדֵהוּ, נוֹתֵן פֵּאָה מִכָּל אֶחָד וְאֶחָד. אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה, אֵימָתַי, בִּזְמַן שֶׁלֹּא שִׁיֵּר בַּעַל הַשָּׂדֶה. אֲבָל אִם שִׁיֵּר בַּעַל הַשָּׂדֶה, הוּא נוֹתֵן פֵּאָה לַכֹּל:

When brothers divide [inherited land], they give two <i>Peot</i>. If they become partners, they give one <i>Peah</i>. Two who buy a tree give one <i>Peah</i>. If this one buys the north and that one buys the south, this one gives <i>Peah</i> for his own and that one gives <i>Peah</i> for his own. One who sells [only] the trees in his field [and not the land] must give <i>Peah</i> for each and every one; Rabbi Yehudah said: When is this? In a time when the field owner did not retain any [trees], but if the field owner retained some [trees], he gives <i>Peah</i> for everything.”

רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, קַרְקַע בֵּית רֹבַע, חַיֶּבֶת בַּפֵּאָה. רַבִּי יְהוֹשֻׁעַ אוֹמֵר, הָעוֹשָׂה סָאתַיִם. רַבִּי טַרְפוֹן אוֹמֵר, שִׁשָּׁה עַל שִׁשָּׁה טְפָחִים. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה בֶן בְּתֵירָה אוֹמֵר, כְּדֵי לִקְצֹר וְלִשְׁנוֹת. וַהֲלָכָה כִּדְבָרָיו. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, קַרְקַע כָּל שֶׁהוּא, חַיֶּבֶת בַּפֵּאָה, וּבַבִּכּוּרִים, וְלִכְתֹּב עָלָיו פְּרוֹזְבּוּל, וְלִקְנוֹת עִמּוֹ נְכָסִים שֶׁאֵין לָהֶם אַחֲרָיוּת בְּכֶסֶף וּבִשְׁטָר וּבַחֲזָקָה:

Rabbi Eliezer says: Land [the size of a] <i>beit rova</i> [the quarter measurement] is obligated in <i>Peah</i>; Rabbi Yehoshua says: That [amount of land] which produces two <i>Seah</i> [a specific unit of volume]; Rabbi Tarfon says: Six [hand-breadths] by six hand-breadths. Rabbi Yehudah ben Beteirah says: [The size that would be needed] in order to harvest and repeat, and the law is according to his words. Rabbi Akiva says: Any size of land is obligated in <i>Peah</i>, and in <i>Bikurim</i> [First-fruits that must be brought to the Temple and given to the priest], and a <i>Pruzbul</i> [legal arrangement which avoids the mandatory Sabbatical year cancellation of personal debts by deeding them to the court, and being subsequently appointed their agent for collection] may be written against it, and movable property are acquired along with it by means of money, contract, or <i>chazakah</i> [action taken upon a property to formalize its legal acquisition].

הַכּוֹתֵב נְכָסָיו שְׁכִיב מְרַע, שִׁיֵּר קַרְקַע כָּל שֶׁהוּא, מַתְּנָתוֹ מַתָּנָה. לֹא שִׁיֵּר קַרְקַע כָּל שֶׁהוּא, אֵין מַתְּנָתוֹ מַתָּנָה. הַכּוֹתֵב נְכָסָיו לְבָנָיו, וְכָתַב לְאִשְׁתּוֹ קַרְקַע כָּל שֶׁהוּא, אִבְּדָה כְתֻבָּתָהּ. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, אִם קִבְּלָה עָלֶיהָ, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁלֹּא כָתַב לָהּ, אִבְּדָה כְתֻבָּתָהּ:

If a dying man writes his property [to another]: if he leaves some land over [for himself], his gift is a gift; if he does not leave any land over, his gift is not a gift. If he writes his property to his children, and writes some land to his wife, she has lost her marriage contract [i.e.,, its lien on those properties]; Rabbi Yosi says: If she accepts [being included with the gift-recipients], even though he did not write it to her, she has lost her marriage contract.

הַכּוֹתֵב נְכָסָיו לְעַבְדּוֹ, יָצָא בֶן חוֹרִין. שִׁיֵּר קַרְקַע כָּל שֶׁהוּא, לֹא יָצָא בֶן חוֹרִין. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, לְעוֹלָם הוּא בֶן חוֹרִין, עַד שֶׁיֹּאמַר הֲרֵי כָל נְכָסַי נְתוּנִין לְאִישׁ פְּלוֹנִי עַבְדִּי חוּץ מֵאֶחָד מֵרִבּוֹא שֶׁבָּהֶן:

If one writes his property over to his slave, he goes out a freeman. If he leaves some land over [for himself], he does not go out as a freeman. Rabbi Shimon says: He is in all cases a freeman unless he says: ‘Indeed, all my property is given to so-and-so, my slave, except for one out of a multitude that is among them [i.e., an unspecified, though tiny, portion].’