Demai 6

הַמְקַבֵּל שָׂדֶה מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל, מִן הַנָּכְרִי וּמִן הַכּוּתִי, יְחַלֵּק לִפְנֵיהֶם. הַחוֹכֵר שָׂדֶה מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל, תּוֹרֵם וְנוֹתֵן לוֹ. אָמַר רַבִּי יְהוּדָה, אֵימָתַי, בִּזְמַן שֶׁנָּתַן לוֹ מֵאוֹתָהּ הַשָּׂדֶה וּמֵאוֹתוֹ הַמִּין, אֲבָל אִם נָתַן לוֹ מִשָּׂדֶה אַחֶרֶת אוֹ מִמִּין אַחֵר, מְעַשֵּׂר וְנוֹתֵן לוֹ:

Someone who received a field [as a sharecropper] from a Jew, a non-Jew, or a Cuthite, should divide up [the produce] in their presence. One who rents a field from a Jew, must separate the <i>Terumah</i> [produce consecrated for priestly consumption] and then give [the landlord] his portion. Rabbi Yehudah said: When is this? When the payment is from the same field and the same species; however, if the payment is from a different field or a different species, he must separate the tithes and then give [the landlord] his portion.

הַחוֹכֵר שָׂדֶה מִן הַנָּכְרִי, מְעַשֵּׂר וְנוֹתֵן לוֹ. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, אַף הַמְקַבֵּל שְׂדֵה אֲבוֹתָיו מִן הַנָּכְרִי, מְעַשֵּׂר וְנוֹתֵן לוֹ:

One who rents a field from a non-Jew must separate the tithes and then give [the landlord] his portion. Rabbi Yehudah says, also one who acquires his ancestral field from a non-Jew must separate the tithes and then give [the non-Jew] his portion.

כֹּהֵן וְלֵוִי שֶׁקִּבְּלוּ שָׂדֶה מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל, כְּשֵׁם שֶׁחוֹלְקִין בַּחֻלִּין כָּךְ חוֹלְקִין בַּתְּרוּמָה. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, אַף הַמַּעַשְׂרוֹת שֶׁלָּהֶן, שֶׁעַל מְנָת כֵּן בָּאוּ:

A priest and a Levite who received a field [as sharecroppers] from a Jew; just as they divide the <i>Chulin</i> [non-sacred produce, with the field's owner], so they divide the <i>Terumah</i>. Rabbi Eliezer says: Even the tithes belong to them [i.e. the priest and the Levite], for they have come [to work the field] on this condition.

יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁקִּבֵּל מִכֹּהֵן וּמִלֵּוִי, הַמַּעַשְׂרוֹת לַבְּעָלִים. רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל אוֹמֵר, הַקַּרְתָּנִי שֶׁקִּבֵּל שָׂדֶה מִירוּשַׁלְמִי, מַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי שֶׁל יְרוּשַׁלְמִי. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, יָכוֹל הוּא הַקַּרְתָּנִי לַעֲלוֹת וּלְאָכְלוֹ בִירוּשָׁלָיִם:

A Jew who received [a field] from a priest or a Levite; the tithes go to the owner. Rabbi Yishmael says: "The one from the provinces who received a field from a Jerusalemite; the <i>Ma'aser Sheni</i> [second tithe, which must be eaten in Jerusalem] is the property of the Jerusalemite." The Sages say: "The one from the provinces can go up to Jerusalem and eat it there himself."

הַמְקַבֵּל זֵיתִים לְשֶׁמֶן, כְּשֵׁם שֶׁחוֹלְקִין בַּחֻלִּין כָּךְ חוֹלְקִין בַּתְּרוּמָה. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, יִשְׂרָאֵל שֶׁקִּבֵּל מִכֹּהֵן וּמִלֵּוִי זֵיתִים לְשֶׁמֶן לְמַחֲצִית שָׂכָר, הַמַּעַשְׂרוֹת לַבְּעָלִים:

One who receives [as payment] olives for oil; just as they divide the <i>Chulin</i>, so they divide the <i>Terumah</i>. Rabbi Yehudah says, [in the case of] an Israelite who receives from a priest or from a Levite olives for oil as partial payment, the tithes belong to the owner.

בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, לֹא יִמְכֹּר אָדָם אֶת זֵיתָיו אֶלָּא לְחָבֵר. בֵּית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, אַף לִמְעַשֵּׂר. וּצְנוּעֵי בֵית הִלֵּל הָיוּ נוֹהֲגִין כְּדִבְרֵי בֵית שַׁמָּאי:

Those who follow the school of Shammai say: a man should not sell his olives except to a <i>Chaver</i> [one who scrupulously observes purity laws]. Those who follow the house of Hillel say: even for the tithe. And the modest ones among those who follow the school of Hillel would act in accordance with the words of those who follow the school of Shamai.

שְׁנַיִם שֶׁבָּצְרוּ אֶת כַּרְמֵיהֶם לְתוֹךְ גַּת אַחַת, אֶחָד מְעַשֵּׂר וְאֶחָד שֶׁאֵינוֹ מְעַשֵּׂר, הַמְעַשֵּׂר מְעַשֵּׂר אֶת שֶׁלּוֹ, וְחֶלְקוֹ בְּכָל מָקוֹם שֶׁהוּא:

Two who gathered the produce of their vineyards into one press, one who tithes and one who does tithe, the one who tithes should tithe his produce, and his portion is anywhere.

שְׁנַיִם שֶׁקִּבְּלוּ שָׂדֶה בַאֲרִיסוּת, אוֹ שֶׁיָּרְשׁוּ אוֹ שֶׁנִּשְׁתַּתְּפוּ, יָכוֹל הוּא לוֹמַר, טֹל אַתָּה חִטִּים שֶׁבְּמָקוֹם פְּלוֹנִי וַאֲנִי חִטִּים שֶׁבְּמָקוֹם פְּלוֹנִי, אַתָּה יַיִן שֶׁבְּמָקוֹם פְּלוֹנִי וַאֲנִי יַיִן שֶׁבְּמָקוֹם פְּלוֹנִי. אֲבָל לֹא יֹאמַר לוֹ, טֹל אַתָּה חִטִּים וַאֲנִי שְׂעוֹרִים, טֹל אַתָּה יַיִן וַאֲנִי אֶטֹּל שָׁמֶן:

Two who received a field as share croppers or inherited [it] or joined as partners, one may say to the other: "You take the wheat from such-and-such area and I the wheat from such-and-such area, you [take] the wine from such-and-such area and I the wine from such-and-such area." However, he may not say to him: "You take the wheat and I the barley, you take the wine and I will take the oil."

חָבֵר וְעַם הָאָרֶץ שֶׁיָּרְשׁוּ אֶת אֲבִיהֶם עַם הָאָרֶץ, יָכוֹל הוּא לוֹמַר לוֹ, טֹל אַתָּה חִטִּים שֶׁבְּמָקוֹם פְּלוֹנִי וַאֲנִי חִטִּים שֶׁבְּמָקוֹם פְּלוֹנִי, אַתָּה יַיִן שֶׁבְּמָקוֹם פְּלוֹנִי וַאֲנִי יַיִן שֶׁבְּמָקוֹם פְּלוֹנִי. אֲבָל לֹא יֹאמַר לוֹ, טֹל אַתָּה חִטִּים וַאֲנִי שְׂעוֹרִים, טֹל אַתָּה הַלַּח וַאֲנִי אֶטֹּל אֶת הַיָּבֵשׁ:

A <i>Chaver</i> and an <i>Am HaAretz</i> [one who is lax in observing purity laws] who inherited from their <i>Am HaAretz</i> father: he [the <i>Chaver</i>] can say to him: "You take the wheat from such-and-such area and I the wheat from such-and-such area, you the wine from such-and-such area and I the wine from such-and-such area." However, he may not say to him: "You take the wheat and I the barley, you take the fresh and I will take the dried."

גֵּר וְגוֹי שֶׁיָּרְשׁוּ אֶת אֲבִיהֶם גּוֹי, יָכוֹל הוּא לוֹמַר, טֹל אַתָּה עֲבוֹדָה זָרָה וַאֲנִי מָעוֹת, אַתָּה יַיִן וַאֲנִי פֵרוֹת. וְאִם מִשֶּׁבָּאוּ לִרְשׁוּת הַגֵּר, אָסוּר:

A convert and a non-Jew who inherit from their non-Jewish father: he [the convert] can say to him: "You take the idol worship and I the money, you the wine and I the fruit." But if they have come into the possession of the convert, this is forbidden.

אהַמּוֹכֵר פֵּרוֹת בְּסוּרְיָא, וְאָמַר מִשֶּׁל אֶרֶץ יִשְׂרָאֵל הֵן, חַיָּב לְעַשֵּׂר. מְעֻשָּׂרִין הֵן, נֶאֱמָן, שֶׁהַפֶּה שֶׁאָסַר הוּא הַפֶּה שֶׁהִתִּיר. מִשֶּׁלִּי הֵן, חַיָּב לְעַשֵּׂר, מְעֻשָּׂרִין הֵן, נֶאֱמָן, שֶׁהַפֶּה שֶׁאָסַר הוּא הַפֶּה שֶׁהִתִּיר. וְאִם יָדוּעַ שֶׁיֶּשׁ לוֹ שָׂדֶה אֶחָד בְּסוּרְיָא, חַיָּב לְעַשֵּׂר:

One who sells fruit in Syria and says: "These [fruits] are from the Land of Israel", one must tithe [the purchased fruit]. [If the seller says:] "Tithes have been taken from these [fruits]", he is trusted, as the mouth which caused the prohibition [by saying they are from Israel and therefore require tithes] is the mouth which made them permitted [by saying that tithes have already been taken]. [If the seller says:] "They are mine", one must tithe. [If the seller says:] "They have been tithed", he is trusted, as the mouth which caused the prohibition is the mouth which made them permitted. However, if it is known that he [the seller] has a field in Syria, one must tithe.

בעַם הָאָרֶץ שֶׁאָמַר לְחָבֵר, קַח לִי אֲגֻדַּת יָרָק, קַח לִי גְלֻסְקָן אֶחָד, לוֹקֵחַ סְתָם וּפָטוּר. וְאִם אָמַר, שֶׁלִּי זֶה, וְזֶה שֶׁל חֲבֵרִי, וְנִתְעָרְבוּ, חַיָּב לְעַשֵּׂר, וַאֲפִלּוּ הֵן מֵאָה:

An <i>Am HaAretz</i> who says to a <i>Chaver</i>, "Buy me a bundle of vegetables", "buy me one loaf": he buys without specifying and is exempt from tithing. If he [buys for himself as well and] says "this is mine and this is my friend's" and they become mixed, he is obligated to tithe, even if [he bought] 100 items.