Demai 7

הַמַּזְמִין אֶת חֲבֵרוֹ שֶׁיֹּאכַל אֶצְלוֹ, וְהוּא אֵינוֹ מַאֲמִינוֹ עַל הַמַּעַשְׂרוֹת, אוֹמֵר מֵעֶרֶב שַׁבָּת, מַה שֶּׁאֲנִי עָתִיד לְהַפְרִישׁ מָחָר, הֲרֵי הוּא מַעֲשֵׂר, וּשְׁאָר מַעֲשֵׂר סָמוּךְ לוֹ, זֶה שֶׁעָשִׂיתִי מַעֲשֵׂר עָשׂוּי תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר עָלָיו, וּמַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי בִּצְפוֹנוֹ אוֹ בִדְרוֹמוֹ, וּמְחֻלָּל עַל הַמָּעוֹת:

If one invites his friend to eat at his home and the friend does not trust him with regards to tithes, on the day before Shabbat he says, "That which I am going to separate tomorrow is [part of the] tithe, and the rest of the tithe will be next to it. That which I have designated as [part of the] tithe, the <i>Terumat Ma'aser</i> [a portion of the tithes that is given to the priest] is designated upon it. And <i>Ma'aser Sheni</i> [second tithe, must be eaten in Jerusalem] is on its north or south, and is hereby unconsecrated by [transferring its consecration to] coins."

מָזְגוּ לוֹ אֶת הַכּוֹס, אוֹמֵר, מַה שֶּׁאֲנִי עָתִיד לְשַׁיֵּר בְּשׁוּלֵי הַכּוֹס, הֲרֵי הוּא מַעֲשֵׂר, וּשְׁאָר מַעֲשֵׂר סָמוּךְ לוֹ, זֶה שֶׁעָשִׂיתִי מַעֲשֵׂר עָשׂוּי תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר עָלָיו, וּמַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי בְּפִיו, וּמְחֻלָּל עַל הַמָּעוֹת:

When they mixed the cup for him he should say, "What I will leave at the bottom of the cup is [part of the] tithe, and the rest of the tithe will be next to it. That which I have designated as [part of the] tithe, the <i>Terumat Ma'aser</i> is designated upon it. And <i>Ma'aser Sheni</i> is at its mouth and is hereby unconsecrated by [transferring its consecration to] coins."

פּוֹעֵל שֶׁאֵינוֹ מַאֲמִין לְבַעַל הַבַּיִת, נוֹטֵל גְּרוֹגֶרֶת אַחַת וְאוֹמֵר, זוֹ וְתֵשַׁע הַבָּאוֹת אַחֲרֶיהָ, עֲשׂוּיוֹת מַעֲשֵׂר עַל תִּשְׁעִים שֶׁאֲנִי אוֹכֵל, זוֹ עֲשׂוּיָה תְרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר עֲלֵיהֶן, וּמַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי בָּאַחֲרוֹנָה, וּמְחֻלָּל עַל הַמָּעוֹת, וְחוֹשֵׂךְ גְּרוֹגֶרֶת אֶחָת. רַבָּן שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר, לֹא יַחְשׂךְ, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא מְמַעֵט מְלַאכְתּוֹ שֶׁל בַּעַל הַבָּיִת. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר לֹא יַחְשׂךְ, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא תְנַאי בֵּית דִּין:

A worker who does not trust the <i>Ba'al HaBayit</i> [property owner] should take one dried fig and say, "This and the nine that follow it are [part of the] tithe for the ninety I eat. This [first] one is designated as <i>Terumat Ma'aser</i> upon them and <i>Ma'aser Sheni</i> is at the end and becomes unconsecrated by [transferring its consecration to] coins." He then withholds one dried fig. Rabbi Shimon ben Gamliel says, he does not withhold because he then reduces the work of the employer. Rabbi Yossi says he doesn't withhold due to an enactment of the court.

הַלּוֹקֵחַ יַיִן מִבֵּין הַכּוּתִים, אוֹמֵר, שְׁנֵי לֻגִּין שֶׁאֲנִי עָתִיד לְהַפְרִישׁ, הֲרֵי הֵן תְּרוּמָה, וַעֲשָׂרָה מַעֲשֵׂר, וְתִשְׁעָה מַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי. מֵחֵל וְשׁוֹתֶה:

A man who buys wine from among the Cuthites should say, "Two <i>Log</i> [specific unit of volume] that I will separate are the <i>Terumah</i>, ten are the tithe, and nine are the <i>Ma'aser Sheni</i>. He then may begin and drink.

הָיוּ לוֹ תְאֵנִים שֶׁל טֶבֶל בְּתוֹךְ בֵּיתוֹ, וְהוּא בְּבֵית הַמִּדְרָשׁ אוֹ בַשָּׂדֶה, אוֹמֵר, שְׁתֵּי תְאֵנִים שֶׁאֲנִי עָתִיד לְהַפְרִישׁ, הֲרֵי הֵן תְּרוּמָה, וְעֶשֶׂר מַעֲשֵׂר רִאשׁוֹן, וְתֵשַׁע מַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי. הָיוּ דְמַאי, אוֹמֵר, מַה שֶּׁאֲנִי עָתִיד לְהַפְרִישׁ לְמָחָר, הֲרֵי הוּא מַעֲשֵׂר, וּשְׁאָר מַעֲשֵׂר סָמוּךְ לוֹ, זֶה שֶׁעָשִׂיתִי מַעֲשֵׂר עָשׂוּי תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר עָלָיו, וּמַעֲשֵׂר שֵׁנִי בִּצְפוֹנוֹ אוֹ בִדְרוֹמוֹ, וּמְחֻלָּל עַל הַמָּעוֹת:

If a man had untithed figs in his house, and he is in the <i>Beit HaMidrash</i> [Hall of Study] or the field, he should say, "Two figs that I will separate are <i>Terumah</i>, and ten are [part of the] tithe, and nine are <i>Ma'aser Sheni</i>." If they are <i>Demai</i> [produce from which it is uncertain if tithes were already taken], he says, "What I will separate tomorrow are [part of the] tithe, and the rest of the tithe will be next to it. That which I have designated as [part of the] tithe, <i>Terumat Ma'aser</i> is designated upon it. And <i>Ma'aser Sheni</i> is on its north or south, and is hereby unconsecrated by [transferring its consecration to] coins.

הָיוּ לְפָנָיו שְׁתֵּי כַלְכָּלוֹת שֶׁל טֶבֶל, וְאָמַר, מַעַשְׂרוֹת זוֹ בָזוֹ, הָרִאשׁוֹנָה מְעֻשָּׂרֶת. שֶׁל זוֹ בָזוֹ וְשֶׁל זוֹ בָזוֹ, הָרִאשׁוֹנָה מְעֻשֶּׂרֶת. מַעַשְׂרוֹתֵיהֶן מַעַשְׂרוֹת כַּלְכָּלָה בַחֲבֶרְתָּהּ, קָרָא שֵׁם:

If a man has two baskets of untithed produce before him and says, "The tithes of this one are in the other one," the first is tithed. [If he says,] "The [tithes of] this one are in the other one and of the other one are in this one," the first is tithed. [If he says,] "The tithes of each of them are the tithes of the other basket," it is a valid designation.

מֵאָה טֶבֶל מֵאָה חֻלִּין, נוֹטֵל מֵאָה וְאֶחָד. מֵאָה טֶבֶל מֵאָה מַעֲשֵׂר, נוֹטֵל מֵאָה וְאֶחָד. מֵאָה חֻלִּין מְתֻקָּנִים מֵאָה מַעֲשֵׂר, נוֹטֵל מֵאָה וָעֶשֶׂר. מֵאָה טֶבֶל תִּשְׁעִים מַעֲשֵׂר, תִּשְׁעִים טֶבֶל וּשְׁמוֹנִים מַעֲשֵׂר, לֹא הִפְסִיד כְּלוּם. זֶה הַכְּלָל, כָּל זְמַן שֶׁהַטֶּבֶל מְרֻבֶּה, לֹא הִפְסִיד כְּלוּם:

[If there is a mixture of] one hundred untithed and one hundred <i>Chulin</i> [non-sacred produce], he takes one hundred and one. [If there is a mixture of] one hundred untithed and one hundred tithes, he takes one hundred and one. [If there is a mixture of] one hundred non-sacral that have been fixed [tithed] and one hundred tithes, he takes one hundred and ten. [If there is a mixture of] one hundred untithed and ninety tithes, or ninety untithed and eighty tithes, he has lost nothing. This is the rule: as long as the untithed part is the greater part, he has lost nothing.

מִי שֶׁהָיוּ לוֹ עֶשֶׂר שׁוּרוֹת שֶׁל עֶשֶׂר עֶשֶׂר כַּדֵּי יַיִן, וְאָמַר, שׁוּרָה הַחִיצוֹנָה אַחַת מַעֲשֵׂר, וְאֵין יָדוּעַ אֵיזוֹ הִיא, נוֹטֵל שְׁתֵּי חָבִיּוֹת לוֹכְסָן. חֲצִי שׁוּרָה הַחִיצוֹנָה אַחַת מַעֲשֵׂר, וְאֵין יָדוּעַ אֵיזוֹ הִיא, נוֹטֵל אַרְבַּע חָבִיּוֹת מֵאַרְבַּע זָוִיּוֹת. שׁוּרָה אַחַת מַעֲשֵׂר, וְאֵין יָדוּעַ אֵיזוֹ הִיא, נוֹטֵל שׁוּרָה אַחַת לוֹכְסָן. חֲצִי שׁוּרָה אַחַת מַעֲשֵׂר, וְאֵין יָדוּעַ אֵיזוֹ הִיא, נוֹטֵל שְׁתֵּי שׁוּרוֹת לוֹכְסָן. חָבִית אַחַת מַעֲשֵׂר, וְאֵין יָדוּעַ אֵיזוֹ הִיא, נוֹטֵל מִכָּל חָבִית וְחָבִית:

If one has ten rows of ten jars of wine and says, "One outside row is the tithe" and it is not known which [row] it is, he takes two jars diagonally. [If he said,] "Half of one outside row is the tithe" and it is not known which [row] it is, he takes four jars from the four corners. [If he said,] "One row is the tithe" and it is not known which [row] it is, he takes two diagonal rows. [If he said,] "One jar is the tithe" and it is not known which jar it is, he takes from every jar.