זֵיתִים מֵאֵימָתַי מְקַבְּלִין טֻמְאָה. מִשֶּׁיַּזִּיעוּ זֵעַת הַמַּעֲטָן, אֲבָל לֹא זֵעַת הַקֻּפָּה, כְּדִבְרֵי בֵית שַׁמָּאי. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, שִׁעוּר זֵעָה שְׁלשָׁה יָמִים. בֵּית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, מִשֶּׁיִּתְחַבְּרוּ שְׁלשָׁה זֶה לָזֶה. רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל אוֹמֵר, מִשֶּׁתִּגָּמֵר מְלַאכְתָּן. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים כִּדְבָרָיו:
Starting when are olives able to be rendered impure [by being primed for impurity by a liquid]? Once they sweat moisture in the vat [into which the olives are placed for them to soften for pressing], but not by moisture in the basket [into which they are placed after being picked], according to Beit Shammai. Rabbi Shimon says: the measure for sweat is three days [i.e. the moisture the olives sweat while in the vat does not prime them for impurity until they have been there for three days]. Beit Hillel says: when [they soften such that] three connect to one another [only then does the moisture that emerges from them prime them for impurity]. Rabban Gamliel says: once their work has been finished [i.e. once no more olives are being added to the vat, and they are ready to be brought to the olive press]; and the Sages say in accordance with him.
Tosefta Chullin
The airspace above an earthenware vessel is impure and its outer side is pure, [while] the airspace above all [other] vessels is pure and their outer side is impure (Hul. 24b:11), and consequently it is said (Hul. 1:6), "What is pure in an earthenware vessel is impure in all [other] vessels, and what is impure [Vienna Man., "pure"] in all [other] vessels is pure [Vienna Man., "impure"] in an earthenware vessel." Flat wooden vessels are pure, and unformed [wooden vessels] are impure, [while] flat metal vessels are impure, and unformed [metal vessels] are pure, and consequently it is said (Hul. 1:6), "[What is] pure in a wooden vessel is impure in a metal vessel, [and what is] pure in a metal vessel is impure in a wood vessel." And one who brings chests and ovens, basins, and earthenware [vessels] from outside the Land [of Israel]: Before they are fired, [vessels are deemed] impure because they were [produced in] the lands of the [Gentile] nations, except that [they are deemed] pure if they are earthenware vessels, [but] once they have been fired, [vessels are deemed] impure if they are earthenware vessels, and [all other vessels are deemed] pure because they were [produced in] the lands of the [Gentile] nations, and consequently it is said, "Whenever [vessels are deemed] impure by virtue of [being produced in] the lands of the [Gentile] nations, [they are deemed ] pure by virtue of being earthenware vessels, and whenever [vessels are deemed] impure by virtue of being earthenware vessels, they are [deemed] pure by virtue of [being produced in] the lands of the [Gentile] nations." Olives are impure when dry and pure when wet (per MS Vienna, but see Toh. 9:1), [but olive] pits are impure when wet and pure when dry, and consequently it is said, "[What is] pure when dry is impure when wet, [and what is] pure when wet is impure when dry." Bitter almonds: The small ones are liable [for tithing], and the large ones are exempt. And sweet [almonds]: The large ones are liable and the small ones are exempt, and consequently it is said (Hul. 1:6), "[What is] liable in bitter almonds is exempt in sweet [almonds], [and what is] liable in sweet [almonds] is exempt in bitter [almonds]. "
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