Commentary for Orlah 2:2

התרומה מעלה את הערלה – combines with the non-consecrated produce to nullify the Orlah, and similarly, the Orlah combines with the non-consecrated produce to nullify the heave-offering/Terumah.

Introduction In this mishnah we learn that if terumah and orlah are mixed in together, each counts with regard to creating the necessary ratio for the other to be voided.

שנפלה למאה – not exactly one-hundred, but less than one hundred for it if was actually one-hundred, it would raises it and not require combination, but this is how it should be read: Terumah/heave-offering that fell into non-consecrated produce and everything became one-hundred.

Terumah can void orlah, and orlah can void terumah. If terumah and hullin are mixed in together, they can join together to create the necessary 200 to 1 ratio in order to neutralize any orlah or kilayim that are in the mixture. Similarly, orlah can join together with hullin to create the necessary 100 to one ratio to neutralize terumah.

ואח"כ נפלו שלשה קבין של ערלה – [and afterwards, three kabs/one-half a Seah of Orlah fell into it] – the anonymous Mishnah is according to Rabbi Yehoshua who stated in the first chapter of [Tractate] Terumot (Actually it is not in found in the first chapter, but rather, it is in the fourth chapter of Tractate Terumot, Mishnah 7). Therefore, when a Seah of Terumah fell into ninety-nine parts of unconsecrated produce, and then afterwards three Kabs (i.e., one half-a Seah) of Orlah fell there and combined with the unconsecrated produce, there were found there ninety-nine and another three kabs of unconsecrated produce, the Seah of heave-offering is nullified in one-hundred and a bit more. Alternatively, we have found to establish it according to Rabbi Eliezer (also quoted in Tractate Terumot, Chapter Four, Mishnah 7 who said one and one-hundred) and the Halakha is according to him who stated that Terumah raises up with one and one-hundred, such as the example where a Seah of Terumah that fell into ninety-nine Seah and one-half a Seah of unconsecrated produce, and these three Kab of Orlah – which is one-half of a Seah – combines with the Hullin/unconsecrated produce to complete the measurement of one hundred of unconsecrated produce so that it can be neutralized in one hundred and one.

How so? [For instance] a seah of terumah fell into one hundred, and afterwards three kavs of orlah or three kavs of mixed-seeds of the vineyard [fell in]. This is [an instance] where terumah goes towards neutralizing orlah, and orlah terumah. The mishnah now illustrates how this works. If a seah of terumah falls into one hundred (actually ninety-nine) of hullin, and then three kavs, which is half a seah, of orlah or kilayim (mixed-seeds) fall in, the orlah or kilayim is neutralized. If we count the terumah with the hullin then there is a 200 to one ratio to neutralize the orlah or kilayim. Similarly, if a seah of orlah is mixed up with 200 seahs of hullin, and then terumah fell into the mixture, if the orlah and hullin are more than 100 to 1 of the terumah, the terumah is neutralized.

והערלה את התרומה – that the three Kabs of Orlah/uncircumcised fruit of the first three years which is one-half of a Seah combined with the unconsecrated produce to annul the Seah of Terumah in one and one-hundred, for when the Seah [of Terumah] fell into the ninty-nine and one -half, they were forbidden, and when once again fell there three Kabs of Orlah/uncircumcised fruit of the first three years, or mixed seeds of the field, they were permitted.