Talmud zu Sheviit 1:2

MISHNAH: One distances a tree 25 cubits from a cistern, but carob tree and sycamore 50 cubits, whether on top or level⁹⁸In order to avoid damage to the walls of the cistern by the roots. The required distance applies if the tree is planted on a level with the cistern or above it on a hillside. In the Babylonian sources, Babli 25b and Tosephta 1:12, it is emphasized that this also applies if the tree is planted on a hillside below the level of the cistern. In Ševi‘it 1:2 (Notes 28–34), R. Yose ben Rebbi Abun characterizes the Babli’s opinion as R. Simeon’s and holds that R. Yose, who is the higher authority, allows a tree to be planted below the cistern. He will require that the cistern’s bottom not be below its owner’s property line on the hill. (It is not obvious that the opinions of the editors of the other parts of the Yerushalmi are accepted in Neziqin.). If the cistern existed before, he shall cut it down and pay for it⁹⁹He (the tree’s owner) shall cut his tree down if he (the cistern’s owner) pays for it.; if the tree existed before, one shall not cut it down. Rebbi Yose said, even if the cistern existed before, one shall not cut it down since the one digs on his property and the other plants on his property¹⁰⁰Since the owner of the tree legally may plant a tree on his property, the provident owner of the neighboring plot will build his cistern at 25 cubits’ distance from his property line..
A person should not plant a tree next to another’s field unless he distanced himself from it by four cubits¹⁰¹This is good advice rather than a legal requirement. A person planting a fruit tree on his property needs a circle with a radius of 4 cubits around it for servicing the tree; he has to avoid trespassing on other people’s property., whether vines or any other tree. If there was a wall between them, each one goes close to the wall¹⁰²Since then there is no danger of trespassing. גָּדֵר, like Arabic جَدُر, is a rural stone wall made without mortar, not a fence as in modern Hebrew.. If its roots extended to another’s field, he lowers the roots three handbreadths in order not to hinder the plough¹⁰³I. e., the field’s owner is free to remove any roots in his soil down to a depth of 3 handbreadths (about 30 cm) without asking or paying anybody.. If one was digging a cistern, or a ditch, or a cavern, he cuts and excavates and the wood is his.