Talmud zu Berakhot 1:7

A similar case: When does a man acquire Sabbatical fruit? Rebbi Jeremiah wanted to say, when he puts them in his vessels. Rebbi Yose wanted to say, even if he puts them into his vessels he did not acquire them; he thinks that they are his but they are not his⁴³If the fruits had a human owner, they would become property of the person who takes them. If somebody steals fruit from a farmer, once the fruit is in his vessel he is the owner but owes the farmer the value of the fruit he took. However, Sabbatical fruit are God’s property; even after they have been harvested they retain the holiness of the Sabbatical. They may be eaten but not used for industrial purposes. Hence, they cannnot be acquired as property.. Compare the following⁴⁴Different versions of the story are in Massekhet Kallah; BabliNedarim 62a.: Rebbi Tarphon went to eat single figs from somebody’s property without reciprocity, following the House of Shammai. The watchmen⁴⁵Jastrow takes the word as saf‘el of נטר “to guard”. (In Arabic, the word means “cymbal”.) saw him and started whipping him. When he saw himself in danger, he said to them, by your lives, tell in Tarphon’s house to have his burial shrouds ready. When they heard this, they prostrated themselves before him and said, Rebbi, forgive us. He said to them, so and so should come upon me if I did not forgive you beforehand every stick that was coming down on me. In these two instances did Rebbi Tarphon follow the House of Shammai and endangered himself, in the case here and in the recitation of Shema'⁴⁶Berakhot, Mishnah 1:7.. Rebbi Abbahu in the name of Rebbi Ḥanina ben Gamliel: All his life did Rebbi Tarphon repent about this happening and said, woe to me that I used the Crown of the Torah⁴⁷MishnahAvot 1:13: “He who uses the Crown disappears.”.

Rebbi Joḥanan went to some place where he found the schoolteacher weak⁵⁵R. Simson reads אטימוײס, Hagahot Maimuniot on Maimonides Śekhirut 13:6 reads אטימוס, ἄθυμος “feeble” (M. Sachs), in Cafṭor Waperaḥ Chap. 39, אטמיאס. The translation follows Hagahot Maimuniot.. He asked them, what has happened⁵⁶It seems that he suspected the school board of not paying a living wage.? They said to him, he is fasting. He said to him, that is forbidden to you. If one says that it is forbidden for the work one does for flesh and blood, so much more for the work of the Holy One⁵⁷The elementary school teacher, who turns illiterates into literates and uncivilized into civilized, finishes the work of creation and therefore does God’s work., praise to Him!

“A sly wicked man.” Rebbi Zeriqan in the name of Rav Huna: That is one who chooses leniencies for himself and teaches restrictions to others¹³⁸Babli 21b, as one possibility of many.. ¹³⁹The same text Berakhot Chapter 1, Notes 192–199; Yebamot Chapter 1, Notes 256–261. Cf. Babli Erubin 6b, 13b. In this matter, it was stated: “About anybody who wants to take upon himself the stringencies both of the House of Shammai and the House of Hillel it was said: ‘The silly one walks in darkness’. The leniencies of both of them, he is called wicked. Only either following the words of the House of Shammai in their leniencies and stringencies, or following the words of the House of Hillel in their leniencies and stringencies.” That is, before there came the disembodied voice. But after the disembodied voice was heard, “practice follows the House of Hillel forever.” And any who transgresses the words of the House of Hillel is deserving of death. It was stated: There came the disembodied voice and said: “Both of them are the words of the Living God, but practice follows the House of Hillel forever.” Where was the disembodied voice heard? Rav Bebai in the name of Rebbi Joḥanan: The disembodied voice was heard at Yabneh.

HALAKHAH: “Rebbi Jehudah said, Rebbi Ismael asked Rebbi Joshua,” etc. Rebbi Jacob bar Aḥa, Rebbi Simeon bar Abba in the name of Rebbi Joshua ben Levi: Because [most]²⁸⁷Added from the Genizah text, necessary for syntactic reasons. calves there²⁸⁸This shows that the Mishnah underlying this Halakhah is not the one given in the separate Mishnah in the Yerushalmi but the one found in the Babli and Maimonides: R. Meïr declares Bithynian Gentile cheese as forbidden for usufruct. Babli 34b. are slaughtered in the name of pagan worship. Rebbi Joḥanan heard this and said, my teacher taught us well, since if one slaughters for pagan worship even its excrement is forbidden²⁸⁹Therefore even R. Ismael must agree that these cheeses are forbidden; but they should be forbidden for usufruct.. Rebbi Joḥanan asked, if one found a ring in it? Rebbi Yose said, a ring is recognizable²⁹⁰It never was part of the animal and did not become forbidden by its slaughter for idolatry.; excrement is part of its body.