Kommentar zu Terumot 11:1
אֵין נוֹתְנִין דְּבֵלָה וּגְרוֹגָרוֹת לְתוֹךְ הַמּוּרְיָס, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא מְאַבְּדָן, אֲבָל נוֹתְנִין אֶת הַיַּיִן לַמּוּרְיָס. וְאֵין מְפַטְּמִין אֶת הַשֶּׁמֶן, אֲבָל עוֹשִׂין אֶת הַיַּיִן יֵנוּמְלִין. אֵין מְבַשְּׁלִין יַיִן שֶׁל תְּרוּמָה, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא מַמְעִיטוֹ. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה מַתִּיר, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא מַשְׁבִּיחוֹ:
Man darf keinen gepressten Feigenkuchen oder getrocknete Feigen [das sind Terumah , Produkte, die für den priesterlichen Verzehr geweiht sind] in Fischsole geben , da dies sie ruiniert. Aber man kann [ Terumah ] Wein in Fischsole geben . Man darf [ Terumah ] Öl nicht würzen , aber man darf Honig und Pfeffer in Wein geben. Man darf Terumah- Wein nicht kochen , weil er ihn verringert. Rabbi Yehudah erlaubt dies, weil es es verbessert.
Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
אין נותנין דבלה וגרוגרות – of Terumah/heave-offering.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
Introduction
Our mishnah teaches that a priest shouldn’t perform actions with terumah that causes it to be ruined.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
לתוך המורייס – the fat of fish.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
One must not put a cake of pressed [terumah] figs or dried [terumah] figs into fish-brine, since it spoils them. Occasionally they would put various types of figs into fish-brine in order to make the brine taste better. This, however, would cause the figs to be ruined, and hence one shouldn’t do so with terumah figs.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
מפני שהוא מאבד – for such is the manner of cakes of pressed figs and dried-figs that are placed in fish-hash to wring out and to remove their water, and afterwards, they cast them off.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
But one may place [terumah] wine into fish brine. However, one may put terumah wine into the brine because the wine will be eaten along with the brine so it is not ruined.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
אבל נותנים את היין למורייס – it was customary to put wine into the fish hand so that there would not be in it such fattiness in order to sweeten them and give them a flavor/taste. Therefore, it is permitted to put wine of heave-offering into it, and we don’t state to remove the froth/evil smell alone that he puts the wine and that is like that he destroys it.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
One must not perfume the oil, One shouldn’t use terumah oil for making perfumes for two reasons. First of all, the oil stops being fit for eating. The second is that the spices will soak up the terumah oil and they will go to waste.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
אין מפטמין את השמן (they may not perfume the oil) – of heave-offering in the roots of the spices that absorb the oil and go to waste. Alternatively, that the oil is not fit for consumption when it is made into perfume (wine mixed with honey), they place in the wine - honey and pepper.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
But one may put honey and pepper into wine. It is permitted to put honey and pepper into wine because they will still be eaten.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Terumot
One may not boil terumah wine, because it decreases it. Rabbi Judah permits this, because it improves it. One shouldn’t boil terumah wine because boiling it decreases its volume. Rabbi Judah disagrees and holds that although this decreases the volume of the wine, it improves the quality.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
ממעיטו – It diminishes and lessens it through cooking. But there are those who explain that they lessen it from those who drink it, for human beings are not used to drinking boiled wine like unmixed wine.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Terumot
מפני שהוא משביחו – and it is more preserved/established. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Ywhuda
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