Wenn es am Anfang kein Bewusstsein gab [(dh wenn er nie von dieser Unreinheit wusste, wird dies niemals einem Opfer unterworfen, einem Angebot, das nur dort erlangt wird, wo es am Anfang Bewusstsein gab)], aber am Ende gab es Bewusstsein, Das Kind präsentierte sich draußen [auf dem äußeren Altar mit den zusätzlichen Opfergaben von Jom Kippur] und Jom Kippur [selbst] [mit dem Kind], wobei geschrieben stand (Numeri 29:11): "... abgesehen vom Opfer der Versöhnung." Was auch immer der letztere büßt, der erstere büßt dafür. So wie das innere (Altaropfer, "das letztere") nur dort büßt, wo es Bewusstsein gab, so sühnt das äußere (Altaropfer, "das erstere") nur dort, wo es Bewusstsein gab. [Es steht über das draußen vorgestellte Kind geschrieben: "Ein Ziegenkind als Sündopfer, abgesehen vom Sündopfer der Versöhnung." Das Sündopfer der Versöhnung ist das Kind, das in ihm dargestellt wird. Die Schrift vergleicht sie damit, uns zu lehren, wofür das eine sühnt, das andere büßt, nämlich: So wie das Innere nur dort dargestellt wird, wo es zu Beginn Bewusstsein gab (in diesem Fall), wie aus (3. Mose 16: 16): "... für alle ihre Sünden", was impliziert: für alle, die einem Sündopfer unterliegen würden, wenn es am Ende Bewusstsein gäbe; und es gibt am Anfang kein Sündopfer ohne Bewusstsein—Das Kind, das draußen vorgestellt wird, büßt also nicht, es sei denn, es gab Bewusstsein (in diesem Fall) Bewusstsein am Ende, aber nicht am Anfang, wo es niemals einem Sündopfer unterliegen würde. Und dieses Sühnopfer ist absolut, ohne "Aussetzung" (siehe 1: 2)].
Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot
אין בה ידיעה בתחלה – he did not know about this ritual defilement at all, this does not into the category of [a required] sacrifice ever, for the sacrifice dos not come other than when he has awareness [of ritual impurity] at the beginning.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shevuot
Introduction
Mishnah three continues to define when a person is obligated to bring a sacrifice in a situation where he did not know that he had been impure.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot
שעיר הנעשה בחוץ – that is offered on the outer altar [which yields blood to be sprinkled] during the Musaf of Yom Kippur.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shevuot
Where there is no knowledge at the beginning but there is knowledge at the end, the goat sacrificed on the outer altar together with the day of atonement bring atonement, for it says: “[one he-goat for a sin-offering] beside the sin-offering of atonement” (Numbers 29:1: for that which this goat [prepared inside the Holy of Holies] atones this goat [prepared outside] atones: just as the ‘inner’ goat atones only for a sin where there was knowledge [at the beginning], so the “outer” goat atones only for a sin where there was knowledge [at the end]. Our mishnah deals with the situation where a person did not know that they had become impure and then ate of holy food or entered the Temple and then realized that they were impure. Since there is not knowledge in the beginning and in the end, this person cannot achieve atonement by personally bringing a “sliding scale” sacrifice. Rather our mishnah teaches that the goat sacrificed on Yom Kippur at the outer altar as a sin-offering brings atonement from this person. This teaching is learned by a comparison with the goat offered inside the Holy of Holies. Just as the goat offered inside brings atonement in a case where there was knowledge of the contraction of uncleanness, in this case prior to the eating of the holy food or the entering into the Temple (see mishnah two) so too the goat offered outside brings atonement in a case where there was knowledge of the contraction of uncleanness, in this case after the eating of the holy food or the entering into the Temple.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot
ויום הכיפורים – itself atones with the goat.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shevuot
שנאמר – regarding the goat that is offered on the outer altar (Numbers 29:11): “And there shall be one goat for a sin offering, in addition to the sin offering of expiation,” for the sin offering of expiation is the goat that is offered inside and Scripture juxtaposed them, to teach you just as one expiates/atones, so too the other atones/expiates; the inside [goat] doesn’t come other than with a matter about which there is awareness, and what is this awareness? At the outset, as we derive from Scripture, as it is written (Leviticus 16:21): “[Aaron shall lay both his hands upon the head of the live goat and confess over all the iniquities and transgressions of the Israelites,] whatever their sins, [putting them on the head of the goat],” which implies that for those that come within the category of sin - , that they should have awareness of them at the conclusion, and it is impossible that to come within the category of sin-offering other than if they had awareness at the outset, even the goat that is offered outside does not atone other than if he as awareness of it, and what is it? Awareness at the conclusion and not at the beginning, for they are not included in the category of sacrifice, and this atoning is complete atonement/expiation without doubt.
