Kommentar zu Maasrot 5:2
הָעוֹקֵר לֶפֶת וּצְנוֹנוֹת מִתּוֹךְ שֶׁלּוֹ וְנוֹטֵעַ לְתוֹךְ שֶׁלּוֹ לְזֶרַע, חַיָּב, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא גָּרְנָן. בְּצָלִים, מִשֶּׁהִשְׁרִישׁוּ בָעֲלִיָּה, טָהֲרוּ מִלְּטַמֵּא. נָפְלָה עֲלֵיהֶם מַפֹּלֶת וְהֵם מְגֻלִּים, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ כִּנְטוּעִים בַּשָּׂדֶה:
Wer Rüben und Radieschen aus seinem eigenen [Eigentum] entwurzelt und [sie anderswo] in seinem eigenen [Eigentum] für Samen pflanzt, muss [den Zehnten], da dies ihr [Stadium ist, in dem sie den Zehnten benötigen, genauso wie Weizen tut, wenn er den Getreidespeicher erreicht? Wenn Zwiebeln in einer oberen Geschichte Wurzeln schlagen, werden sie von jeglicher Verunreinigung rein. Wenn Trümmer auf sie fallen und sie freigelegt werden, gelten sie als auf dem Feld gepflanzt.
Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
ונוטע בתוך שלו לזרע – [turnips and radishes] that the seed [will ripen] in them in the place of their planting.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maasrot
One who uproots turnips and radishes from within his own [property] and plants [them elsewhere] within his own [property] for the purpose of seed, he is liable to tithe, since this is [equivalent to] their threshing floor. In this case the person must tithe the turnips and radishes before he replants them because as soon as he uprooted them their processing has been completed. The seeds that will subsequently come from the turnips and radishes will be exempt from tithes (we will learn this in mishnah eight). Therefore, before they are replanted they must first be tithed at this early stage.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
מפני שהוא גרנן – their uprooting is their harvesting time, for they have no other harvesting time to make them liable for tithing, for their sowing is exempt from tithing, as it is written (Leviticus 27:30- listed incorrectly in the text of the Mishnah): “[All tithes from the land,] whether seed from the ground [or fruit from the tree, are the LORD’s,” but not every seed, except for garden seeds (i.e., seeds of vegetables) which are not eaten (see Mishnah Kilayim, Chapter 2, Mishnah 2), and it is found that their work had been completed and it is prohibited to plant them until one sets aside tithes.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maasrot
If onions take root in an upper story they become clean from any impurity. Onions that took root in debris/dirt found in an upper story of a building are treated as if they had been planted in the ground. What this means is that if they had previously been made ritually impure, they now revert to a state of purity, as do all plants when they are planted into the ground. The Tosefta notes that these onions are not liable for tithes because only plants that grow in the field are liable for tithes.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
טהרו מלטמא – as they are like they are sown, and the Torah increased the purity of seeds, as it is written (Leviticus 11:37): “[If such a carcass falls upon] seed grain that is to be sown, it is clean.” But, for all the rest of the things are like they are detached, and their presumption is for tithing and Seventh year produce, and even to purify them from ritual uncleanness , and especially when they had taken root in the attic that underneath them is the dust of the concrete pavement of stone chippings, but if they had taken root in the basket/pile is considered as detached even regarding ritual defilement.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Maasrot
If some debris fell upon them and they are uncovered, they are regarded as though they were planted in the field. Albeck explains that this section is not a continuation of the previous section. If the onions were in the field and some debris fell on them and their leaves were exposed, they are treated as if they were planted in the field and they, unlike the onions referred to in section two, are liable for tithes.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Maasrot
והן מגולין – their leaves, in the manner of their growh, they are as planted in the field, and a person who uproots from them on Shabbat is liable for Seventh Year produce and tithes.
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