R. Gamliel sagte: Einmal lebte ein Sadduzäer mit uns in einem Mavui (einer Gasse) in Jerusalem und (einmal) sagte Vater zu uns: "Beeilen Sie sich und nehmen Sie alle Gefäße zum Mavui heraus, bevor er dies tut, und verbieten Sie es Sie." [Unsere Mischna ist defekt. Dies wurde gelehrt: "Ein Sadduzäer ist wie ein Götzendiener. R. Gamliel sagt: Er ist nicht wie ein Götzendiener und einmal ein Sadduzäer ... und Vater sagte zu uns: 'Beeil dich und tu, was du brauchst, bevor er (seinen) herausnimmt Gefäße) und verbietet es Ihnen '"—woher sehen wir, dass er wie ein Israelit ist, der seine Rechte negieren kann. Und weil jemand, der seine Rechte negiert und dann zurückzieht (seine Negation), ob unbeabsichtigt oder absichtlich anderen verbietet (Nießbrauch), sagte R. Gamliel: Beeilen Sie sich und tun Sie, was Sie brauchen, bevor er seine Schiffe zum Hof bringt und die Rechte wieder aufnimmt dass er negiert hatte und es dir dadurch verbietet. Aber wenn er wie ein Götzendiener wäre, der seine Rechte nicht ohne Miete negieren kann, wie hätte er es ihnen dann verbieten können, nachdem er seine Miete erhalten hatte?] R. Yehudah sagt: Er sagte etwas anderes, nämlich: "Beeilen Sie sich und tun Sie, was Sie brauchen im Mavui davor (der Tag) ist aus und es ist dir verboten. " [dh, das Obige ist nicht das, was R. Gamliel gesagt hat, denn er hält einen Sadduzäer für einen Götzendiener, und diese Episode ist kein Beweis für das Gegenteil, denn dies ist, was er sagte: "Beeilen Sie sich und tun Sie, was Sie am Sabbat brauchen Vorabend, bevor es dunkel wird "—Nicht: "bevor er seine Gefäße herausnimmt", wie Sie sagen, sondern: "bevor der Tag aus ist und es Ihnen verboten ist." Die Halacha ist, dass jeder Jude, der den Schabbat in der Öffentlichkeit entweiht, wie ein Götzendiener ist, und es verboten ist, mit ihm einen Eruv zu machen, und er darf seine Rechte nicht negieren, aber sie müssen von ihm gemietet werden, wie sie von einem Götzendiener gemietet werden. Und wenn man den Schabbat im Freien beobachtet, auch wenn er ihn manchmal heimlich entweiht und die Institution des Eruvs, wie die Sadduzäer in unserer Zeit, nicht anerkennt, ist es verboten, mit ihm einen Eruv zu machen, aber er kann seine Rechte negieren ohne sie zu mieten (dies, wenn er kein Götzendiener ist.)]
Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
מעשה בצדוקי – the Mishnah is deficient and it should be read as follows: A Sadducee is like an idolater. Rabban Gamaliel states that is he not like an idolater. “And it once happened with one Sadducee, etc. And Father said to us: Hurry up and fulfill all of your requirements before it (i.e., the eve of the Sabbath) departs and places restrictions upon you”; we learn from this that he is like a Jew/Israelite and is able to resign his possession and because he can resign his possession and go back and take it out, whether inadvertently or on purpose, he restricts us, as is mentioned further on. Because of this, Rabban Gamaliel states: “Hurry and perform your requirements before he removes his utensils to the courtyard and goes back and takes hold of his possessions that he cancelled and places restrictions upon you, but if he (i.e., the Sadducee) is like an idolater and an idolater is not able to resign his possessions until he rents it out, how is he able to prohibit you after he has rented it out and taken money?
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
Introduction
According to the Talmud, in this mishnah Rabban Gamaliel disagrees with the opinion in yesterday’s mishnah. There we learned that a Jew who doesn’t believe in the efficacy of eruvin causes the other Jews in his courtyard or alley to be prohibited from carrying, by making their eruv ineffective. According to the Talmud, while the non-Jew can annul his partnership in the courtyard or alley, and thereby let the other Jews eruv be effective, a Jew who doesn’t believe in eruvin, such as a Sadducee or Samaritan cannot do so. Rabban Gamaliel says that even a Sadducee can annul his share in the alley or courtyard. Our mishnah deals with one who has already made such an annulment. The question is, can his annulment be overturned by his actions?
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eruvin
ור"י אומר – Rabban Gamaliel did not say this, for Rabban Gamaliel holds that a Sadducee is always like an idolater. And this incident is not a proof for this is how Rabban Gamaliel spoke to them: “Hurry up and fulfill all of your requirements on the Eve of Shabbat before it gets dark, and not until he doesn’t remove his utensils as you have stated, but until the day hasn’t yet departed and it places restrictions upon you. And the legal decision is that any Jew who violates the Sabbath in public is like an idolater, and we don’t prepare an Eruv with him and he doesn’t resign possession (i.e., a legal fiction by which the carrying of objects on the Sabbath from one’s own place to one common to several persons, may be permitted) but we rent from him in the same manner that we rent from the idolater, and the person who observes the Sabbath in public, even though he might violate it in private and does not recognize the designation/concept of Eruv such as the Sadducees at this time, who observe the Sabbath but do not recognize the designation/concept of Eruv, we do not make an Eruv with him but he can resign possession and one doesn’t need to rent from him and he isn’t necessarily an idolater.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
Rabban Gamaliel said: A Sadducee once lived with us in the same alley in Jerusalem and father told us: “Hurry up and carry out all vessels into the alley before he carries out his and thereby restricts you”. According to the explanation provided above, this Sadducee who lived in the same alley (!) as Rabban Gamaliel’s father, Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel, nullified his partial ownership in the alley such that the eruv of the Jews would be effective. (A rather nice Sadducee if he was a Samaritan, we could call him the “Good Samaritan”!). However, Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel holds that if afterwards, on Shabbat, the Sadducee uses the alley to carry out his things then he has reneged on his renunciation and he again owns a share of the alley. Therefore, the Jews must use the alley to carry on Shabbat, so that they own the alley before he does. Once they have demonstrated such ownership, even if he uses the alley, this does not make it prohibited for them to carry there.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eruvin
Rabbi Judah said [the instruction was given] in different language: “Hurry up and perform all of your needs in the alley before he carries out his and thereby restricts you”. According to the Talmud, section one is Rabbi Meir’s version, of what Rabban Gamaliel said his father said. Rabbi Judah agrees with Rabban Gamaliel, that a Sadducee can renounce his ownership. However, he disagrees with Rabbi Meir concerning the precise language of Rabban Shimon ben Gamaliel’s statement. According to Rabbi Judah, even if the other Jews use the alley first, if the Sadducee then comes to use it, he will cause it to be prohibited for them to carry there. Therefore, the Jews must carry all of the things that they need to carry before the Sadducee uses the alley. Once he uses it, it is prohibited to them.
