Drei Dinge, R. Tzaddok regiert Tamei (dh anfällig für Tumah) und die Weisen Tahor: den Nagel des Geldwechslers, an dem er seine Waage hängt. Unsere Rabbiner haben es als einen Nagel erklärt, der in einem Pfosten vor dem Geldwechsler befestigt ist, an dem er den Verschluss des Ladens hängt und den sie regieren, weil er bodengebunden ist], und als den Schrank des Schrotmachers [(Diejenigen, die machen) Bohnenschrot in ihrer Mühle hat einen Holzschrank (in dem sie deponiert werden können) und einen Stundenstein [einen Stein mit Linien, auf denen die Zeichen der Stunden eingeschrieben sind, in die ein Nagel gesteckt ist, durch den sie das anzeigen Stunden.] R. Tzaddok regiert [den Schrank] tamei [weil es als "Gefäß" betrachtet wird], und die Weisen regieren es tahor, [denn es ist ein Holzschiff, das stationär bleiben und nicht bewegt werden soll. (R. Tzaddok ist der Ansicht, dass es manchmal beweglich gemacht wird.) Die Halacha stimmt nicht mit R. Tzaddok überein.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot
מסמר השולחני – the money-changer hangs on it the scale of the balance. But our Rabbis explained that it was a fixed nail/pin set in the stand that is in front of the money-changer to put up the shutters of the shop. And the Rabbis make them pure because its use is with the ground.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eduyot
Introduction
Mishnah eight contains another case in which one Sage declares something pure and the other Sages declare it impure.
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אבן השעות – a stone which has zones and markings on them the names of the hours which is inserted in it with a nail and through it they determine the hours. And in a foreign tongue, they call it IRLIVE and in Arabic ALBALATA.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eduyot
Three things Rabbi Zadok pronounces [liable to receive] impurity and the Sages pronounce them not [liable to receive]: The nail of the money-changer; And the chest of grist makers; And the nail of a stone dial. Rabbi Zadok pronounces [liable to receive] impurity and the Sages pronounce them not [liable to receive]. Rabbi Zadok and the Sages disagree with regards to the liability of three items to receive impurity. Again, in order to receive impurity something must be considered “a vessel”, which in the Mishnah can include any manmade usable object which a has a specified purpose to it. According to Rabbi Zadok the items listed in our mishnah fit the definition of “vessel” whereas according to the Sages, they do not. The items are: 1) The nail of a money-changer. According to Maimonides, this was the nail used to hang the scales that the money-changer would use to weigh the money. 2) The chest used by a grist-maker to store the grist. Others explain that this is the nail of a chest used by a grist-maker, which is used to attach the chest to a wagon to bring the grist to market. If this is the correct explanation, then our mishnah lists three different types of nails. 3) The nail used to measure time in a sundial.
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וארון של גרוסות – that makes pounded beans with their millstone, they have a sort of wooden cabinet.
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ר' צדוק מטמא – this cabinet, for it has the status of a utensil on it.
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וחכמים מטהרין – for a wooden utensil is make to stand and it is not make to carry. But Rabbi Tzadok held, that sometimes we repair it to carry it, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Tzadok.
