Um burro não sai com uma sela se não estiver amarrado a ele, não com um zug [uma espécie de sino pendurado no pescoço do animal para soar quando ele anda], mesmo que esteja parado [com panos tão que o badalo não bate para emitir um som; pois isso dá a impressão de que ele a está levando para vender no mercado], nem com uma "escada" no pescoço [Quando ela estava dolorida, eles colocavam madeira na forma de urdidura e urdidura no pescoço para impedir que isso acontecesse. de virar a cabeça para esfregá-lo.], nem com a tanga no pé. [Se um animal bate com as pernas juntas quando caminha, ele faz uma tanga grossa para ele na forma de um anel e o amarra no local da greve.] E as galinhas não saem com as cordas [feitas para eles como sinais , contra ser trocado por outras galinhas], nem com as tangas nos pés. [Seus pés foram amarrados com uma tanga curta, para que não pulem e quebrem os vasos.] E os machos [ovelhas] não saem com o anel debaixo do rabo. [Eles amarravam uma espécie de rolo pequeno sob as caudas das ovelhas de cauda longa para impedir que batessem contra pedras ou rochas.] E as ovelhas não saem chanunoth. [Eles pegavam uma lasca de uma árvore chamada "yachnon" e a colocavam nas narinas, para espirrar e, assim, desalojar os vermes em suas cabeças. Os machos não precisavam disso, pois, uma vez que se chocavam, os vermes caíam de si mesmos.] E um bezerro não cai com um gimon. [Eles colocavam uma espécie de jugo de borracha no pescoço de um bezerro para treinar a cabeça para dobrar quando crescia], nem uma vaca com pele de porco-espinho. [Eles amarravam seus tetos com essa pele afiada e arrepiada para impedir que os répteis os sugassem], nem com uma tanga entre seus chifres [para ornamento ou proteção; qualquer "guarda" adicional é (considerada) um fardo.] R. Elazar b. A vaca de Azaryah saía com uma tanga entre os chifres contra a vontade dos sábios. [Não era dele, mas do vizinho; mas porque ele não protestou, foi chamado por seu nome.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
with a bell - A bell hung around the neck of the animal which emits a sound when it moves
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Introduction
The final mishnah of this chapter continues to provide examples of things that an animal may not carry on Shabbat.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
אע"פ שהוא פקוק – [plugged] with a soft-spongy substance, for now its clapper of the bell does not ring to cause a sound to be made because it appears like he is leading it to be sold in the marketplace.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
A donkey may not go out with a saddle-cloth, when it is not tied to it, If the saddle-cloth is not tied to the donkey, we are concerned lest it fall off and the owner picks it up on Shabbat. Above in mishnah two we learned that if it is tied to the donkey, it is permitted.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
בסולם שבצוארו – when it has a wound, they place on its neck wood in the shape of warp and woof in order that it not turn its head to grasp at his wound.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
or with a bell, even if it is plugged, Putting the bell on the donkey makes it look as if its owner is bringing it to the market to sell it. Hence, even if the bell is plugged up and doesn’t make a sound it is prohibited.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
ולא ברצועה שברגלו – an animal that strikes its legs against each other while it is walking, they make a sort of ring of a thick strap and tie it at the place where its legs strike against each other.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
or with a ladder[-shaped yoke] around its neck, This yoke was placed on the donkey when it had sores on its back. The yoke prevents the donkey from biting its sores.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
בחוטין - they make it as a sign so that exchange it for other chickens.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
or with a strap around its foot. If the donkey’s legs rub each other when it walks they would place a thong around its feet to keep the legs apart.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
ולא ברצועות – that they tie/fasten its two legs together with a short cords so that they don’t jump and break the utensils.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Fowls may not go out with ribbons, The ribbons were placed on its legs so that people could tell their fowl apart from those of others.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
בעגלה שתחת האליה – like a small wagon which they tie under the tail of the sheep for their tails are large in order that it does not become damaged by stones and rocks.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
or with straps on their legs. Straps were placed on their legs to prevent them from hopping too far and damaging other people’s things.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
חנונות – there is a kind of wood called חנון where they bring chips from it and place it on its nose in order that it should sneeze and the worms from its head would fall off but for the males, it is not necessary to do this for when they gore each other, the worms fall off on their own.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Rams may not go out with a wagon under their tails. These little wagons were placed under their tails to keep them from dragging on the ground.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
בגימון – like a reed-grass yoke that is placed on the neck of the calf in order that it would be accustomed to bend its neck when it gets older.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Ewes may not go out with a hanun. According to the Talmud a “hanun” was a certain herb that they would place in the nose of female sheep so that the worms would come out (sounds like Vick’s vapor rub for sheep!). Since males butt each other and the worms will come out when they do so, they don’t need this herb. Hence it is forbidden to place this herb on a ram.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
בעור הקופר – a reptile that its fibers are thin like a needle and we tie its skin at the nipples of the cow so that the vermin do not suck [its milk].
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
A calf may not go out with a small yoke. They would place a small yoke on the calf to accustom it to being yoked.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
ולא ברצועה שבין קרניה – whether for beauty or to protect it, it is forbidden for all additional protection is a burden for it.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Or a cow with the skin of a hedgehog, They would attach the skin of a hedgehog to the udders of a cow to prevent other animals from suckling from the cow when she is asleep.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
פרתו של רבי אלעזר בן עזריה – it did not belong to him, but to his neighbor and because he did not protest it [as it was forbidden] , it is called by his name.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
or with the strap between its horns. Rabbi Elazar ben Azariah’s cow used to go out with a strap between its horns, not with the approval of the rabbis. The strap was purely decorative. Rabbi Elazar ben Azariah let his cow go out with this strap, meaning that this is permitted. All of these are prohibited because putting them on an animal is considered carrying or because we are concerned that the thing will fall and someone will pick it up on Shabbat.
