Comentário sobre Kelim 16:8
תִּיק הַסַּיִף וְהַסַּכִּין וְהַפִּגְיוֹן, תִּיק מִסְפֶּרֶת וּמִסְפָּרַיִם וְהַתַּעַר, תִּיק מִכְחוֹל, וּבֵית הַכּוֹחַל, תִּיק מַכְתֵּב, וּתְרוּנְתֵּק, תִּיק טַבְלָא וּסְקֹרְטְיָא, בֵּית הַחִצִּים, בֵּית הַפָּגוֹשׁוֹת, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ טְמֵאִים. תִּיק סִמְפּוֹנְיָא, בִּזְמַן שֶׁהוּא נוֹתֵן מִלְמַעְלָה, טָמֵא. מִצִּדּוֹ, טָהוֹר. תִּיק חֲלִילִין, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה מְטַהֵר, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא נוֹתְנוֹ מִצִּדּוֹ. חִפּוּי הָאַלָּה, הַקֶּשֶׁת, וְהָרֹמַח, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ טְהוֹרִין. זֶה הַכְּלָל, הֶעָשׂוּי לְתִיק, טָמֵא. לְחִפּוּי, טָהוֹר:
A bainha de uma espada, uma faca ou uma adaga, o estojo para tesoura, ou tesoura ou navalha, o estojo para maquiagem e a caixa de maquiagem, o estojo para caneta, o estojo para bússola, o estojo para tablet, o estojo para uma prancha, uma aljava e uma caixa de dardo —tudo isso é suscetível à impureza. O caso de uma flauta dupla é suscetível à impureza se o instrumento for colocado de cima, mas se for colocado de lado, é puro. Um estojo para flautas—O rabino Yehudah declara que é puro porque o coloca de lado. A cobertura de um taco, um arco ou uma lança são todos puros. Esta é a regra geral: o que serve como um caso é suscetível à impureza, mas o que é uma cobertura é puro.
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
The case for a double flute is susceptible to uncleanness if the instrument is put in from above, but if it is put in from the side it is clean.
A case for flutes Rabbi Judah says it is clean because these are put in from the side.
The covering of a club, a bow or a spear is clean.
This is the general rule: that which serves as a case is susceptible to uncleanness, but that which is merely a covering is clean.
Our mishnah deals with cases for weapons and musical instruments. Sections one through five bring various examples of cases, but the explanation for the entire mishnah comes in section five. If the case is used for storage then it is susceptible. This means that it is something that the vessel is put into, such as the sheath of a sword. But if it is merely a "covering" and not a "container" it is not susceptible. To use a modern example a bread box would be susceptible, but a hallah cover would not.
In section two, if the double flute is put in from the top, then the case is considered to be a container and it is susceptible. However, if it is put in from the side, then it is considered to only be a covering.
I think the rest of the mishnah is understandable in light of the general rule in section five.