Recipientes de metal [quebrados]: qual é o tamanho mínimo de [para serem suscetíveis à impureza]? Um balde - grande o suficiente para tirar água com ele. Uma chaleira - grande o suficiente para que a água possa ser aquecida. Uma caldeira - grande o suficiente para conter selaim [moedas]. Um caldeirão - grande o suficiente para conter jarros. Jarros - grandes o suficiente para conter perutot [moedas pequenas]. Medidas de vinho - [grandes o suficiente para reter] vinho e medidas de óleo - [grandes o suficiente para reter] óleo. O rabino Eliezer diz: por tudo isso, grande o suficiente para manter perutot . O rabino Akiva diz: um vaso que não tem arestas nas bordas é suscetível à impureza, mas um que não tem polimento é puro.
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
כלי מתכות – that became defective/cracked or broken.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
Introduction
Today's mishnah deals with the minimum size that broken pieces of metals vessels need to be in order for them to be susceptible to impurity or for them to still retain the impurity that they already have.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
כמה הוא שיעורן – how much will be the measurement of the break/fracture that remains from them and that he can call it that it is doing of the nature of its labor and will be considered as vessels to be [susceptible to be] made impure.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
What is the minimum size of [broken] metal vessels [for them to be susceptible to impurity]? A bucket must be of such a size as to draw water with it. A kettle must be such as water can be heated in it. A boiler, such as can hold selas. A cauldron, such as can hold jugs. Jugs, such as can hold perutahs. Wine-measures, such as can measure wine; and oil-measures, such as can measure oil. A bucket is used to draw water, therefore if a piece remains that is large enough to do so, it is still susceptible. A broken piece of a kettle must still be large enough to heat up water. A boiler must still be large enough to hold the hot stones that are thrown in to aid in heating up its contents. A cauldron was a large pot used to hold smaller jugs. The broken pieces of the jugs must be large enough to hold perutahs, which are small coins. Wine and oil measures must still be large enough to hold either wine or oil. We can see that the general rule is quite simple: the broken piece must still be able to perform at least some of its former functions.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
מיחם (usually, a vessel for heating water – but here used for keeping coins in it – see Tosefta Bava Metziah 4:1) – that they warm up water in it. But it is larger than a kettle.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
Rabbi Eliezer says: the size for all these is such as can hold perutahs. Rabbi Eliezer rules differently and more strictly. With regard to any of these vessels, as long as they can hold perutahs, meaning as long as what remains of them is large enough to hold basically anything, they are still susceptible.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
כדי לקבל סלעים – for each Selah is four denarim.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
Rabbi Akiva says: a vessel that lacks trimming is susceptible to impurity, but one that lacks polishing is clean. Rabbi Akiva says that if the broken vessel lacks decorative aspects, then it is still susceptible to impurity because the decoration is not necessary for its functioning. However, polishing is necessary for a metal vessel to be used. Therefore, if the broken piece of metal vessel needs to be polished it is clean.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
הלבס (a cauldron) – And there those who have the reading הלפס . And it is a larger copper vessel that they boil water in it and place in it small ladles to rinse them in it.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
כולן בפרוטות – in all of them they estimate if they have in their crack/broken part enough to receive coins. But the Halakha did not according to Rabbi Eliezer.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
המחוסר הגפה טמא (missing the fragment of a vessel in order to be used/trimming) – Rabbi Akiva is speaking of the beginning of the formation of the vessels, and is speaking of, that vessels lacking their coverings are ritually impure, for they are called as having been completed for their usage. [The word] הגפה from the language (Nehemiah 7:3): “let the doors be closed and barred.” And there are many in the Mishnah [where this word appears – specifically in Tractate Avodah Zarah, Chapter 5, Mishnayot 3, 4 and 5]: “[time sufficient] to open [the jar] and stop it up and for the clay to dry.” Even if he corked them, he didn’t acquire them, that is in Tractate Maaser Sheni [Chapter 3, Mishnah 12], it explains, that he covered them with a bung/cork.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
ומחוסר לטישה טהור – that it is considered unfinished metal vessels that are not susceptible to receive ritual impurity. [The word] לטישה/hammering, furbishing, is the language of (Genesis 4:22): “who forged all implements of copper and iron.”
