Talmud do Szewiit 4:4
הַמֵּדֵל בַּזֵּיתִים, בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, יָגוֹם. וּבֵית הִלֵּל אוֹמְרִים, יְשָׁרֵשׁ. וּמוֹדִים בְּמַחֲלִיק, עַד שֶׁיָּגוֹם. אֵיזֶה הוּא הַמֵּדֵל, אֶחָד אוֹ שְׁנַיִם. הַמַּחֲלִיק, שְׁלֹשָׁה, זֶה בְצַד זֶה. בַּמֶּה דְבָרִים אֲמוּרִים, מִתּוֹךְ שֶׁלּוֹ, אֲבָל מִתּוֹךְ שֶׁל חֲבֵרוֹ, אַף הַמַּחֲלִיק, יְשָׁרֵשׁ:
Jeśli ktoś przerzedza drzewa oliwne, dom Szamai mówi: powinien ściąć [z pnia, ale zostawić korzenie]. Dom Hillela mówi: może wykorzenić. Przyznają, że jak się tworzy polanę, to trzeba ją odciąć. Co jest uważane za przerzedzenie? Jeden lub dwa. [Co jest brane pod uwagę] utworzenie rozliczenia? Trzy obok siebie. Czego to dotyczy? We własnym majątku; jednak we własnej własności - nawet jeśli tworzy się polanę, można wykorzenić.
Jerusalem Talmud Peah
MISHNAH: He who rips out39This translation is tentative; according to Maimonides it simply means “cuts”, based on Is. 41:7. According to R. Simson of Sens, it means either “leaves a bald spot” where the onions have been taken out or it means “splits” his field into two parts; it is possible that the expression is intentionally ambiguous. [In Mishnah Arakhin 1:3, the word means “to finish, to play the final coda.”] In Arabic, חלק means “to shave”; this supports the first interpretation of R. Simson, also supported by Mishnah Ševiït 4:4 which explains that “thinning” means taking out single plants but “ripping out” means pulling at least three together, leaving a bald spot. moist onions for the market and keeps dry ones for storage gives peah for each batch separately; the same applies to peas40Peas grown for meal. Those grown to be eaten as vegetable are not subject to the laws of peah (Mishnah Peah 1:4). and vineyards41Table grapes are considered different from grapes used either for wine making or for raisins.. He who thins out gives peah for what is left42Since thinning is necessary for the better growth of many kinds, the plants taken out in thinning are not considered harvested.. He who rips out with one hand43The meaning of this expression is not clear. According to Maimonides, it means “taking from one side only”. According to Rabbenu Simson, it means “taking from one kind only”. The sentence may refer to the start of the Mishnah: If somebody harvests young onions to sell them green with their leaves, he has to give peah from these green onions. But if he rips out only a few at a time with one hand, at the end, at the time of the harvest of the fully ripe onions for storage, he gives peah also for the volume of those green ones that he took occasionally. gives from the remainder for everything.
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Jerusalem Talmud Peah
MISHNAH: He who thins out vines89So that the rest of them should grow more and larger grapes. The “vines of the poor” are those on which single berries are visible. One cannot say that it refers to the part of the vine that is designated as peah since thinning is done early in the growing season and peah is designated at the end of the harvest., just as he thins out his own so he thins out those of the poor, the words of Rebbi Jehudah90The Halakhah explains that R. Jehudah considers the poor as partners of the proprietor while R. Meïr considers them as buyers.. Rebbi Meïr says, he may do so for his own but he is not empowered for those of the poor.
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