Jeśli ktoś rzuca i pamięta po tym, jak opuścił rękę —jeśli inny go złapał, jeśli złapał go pies lub został spalony, nie ponosi odpowiedzialności. [Jeśli nieświadomie rzuca kamieniem w szabat i pamięta, że jest szabat po tym, jak opuści jego rękę, zanim nastąpi spoczynek—nawet jeśli inny go nie złapał, ale wylądował normalnie, nie ponosi odpowiedzialności. Bo tak jest nauczane na końcu: „aż do początku i końca niech będzie nieświadomie”; ale w tym przypadku początek był nieświadomy, a koniec świadomy, ponieważ przypomniał sobie, że przed wylądowaniem był szabat. Misznę należy rozumieć w ten sposób: „Jeśli ktoś rzuca i pamięta, kiedy opuściła jego rękę; albo, jeśli nie pamiętał, ale inny ją złapał… nie ponosi odpowiedzialności za dwóch, którzy wykonują (jedną pracę) nie ponosi odpowiedzialności. Ale jeśli wyląduje, ponosi odpowiedzialność. Kiedy tak się dzieje? Jeśli znowu zapomniał. Ale jeśli znowu nie zapomniał, nie ponosi odpowiedzialności za wszystkich, którzy są odpowiedzialni itd. "] Jeśli rzucił to do zadać ranę człowiekowi lub zwierzęciu, a on przypomniał sobie, zanim rana została zadana, nie ponosi za to odpowiedzialności. Taka jest zasada [(dotyczy to również tego, kto przenosi coś z miejsca na miejsce. Jeśli nieświadomie podnosi to i pamięta, że jest szabat, zanim to odłoży, nie ponosi odpowiedzialności)]: wszyscy, którzy są odpowiedzialni za grzech Ofiary nie są odpowiedzialne aż do początku i końca nieświadomie. Jeśli początek był nieświadomy, a koniec dowcipny, albo początek dowcipny, a koniec nieświadomy, nie odpowiadają— aż do początku i końca nieświadomie.
Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
הזורק – [he throws] on the Sabbath inadvertently and is reminded that it is Shabbat after the stone left from under his hand before it came to rest, even if another did not receive/intercept it, but rather it came to rest in a natural manner, he is exempt, for such is taught further on [in our Mishnah] : until its beginning and its end are inadvertent,” for this, its beginning is inadvertent and its end is on purpose/wanton, for since he was reminded that it was Shabbat prior to it coming to a rest, and our Mishnah, this is how it to be explained: A person who throws and then is reminded [that it is Shabbat] after it left from under his hand; alternatively, he was not reminded until the other [person] intercepted/received it, etc., for this is a case where two who performed this act, they are exempt; for if it came to rest, he Is liable to a sin offering in the four cubits when he returned and forgot, but if he didn’t return and forgot, he is exempt, for all those liable for a sin offering, etc.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Introduction
This mishnah teaches and illustrates the rule that in order for a person to be liable to bring a sin-offering, the entire forbidden act must be performed unwittingly. If part of the act is performed intentionally, then no sin-offering is brought.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
זה הכלל – which includes also transferring an object form place to place – for if he uprooted it inadvertently and was reminded that it was Shabbat prior his putting it down, he is exempt.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
If one throws [something] and remembers [that it is Shabbat] after it leaves his hand, and another catches it, or a dog catches it or it is burnt, he is not liable. If someone throws something not remembering that it is the Sabbath and then, while the object is still in the air, she remembers that it is the Sabbath, it turns out that in the beginning of her forbidden activity she was an unintentional sinner and at the end she was already an intentional sinner. She is not liable, for as we learn later in the mishnah, in order for one to be liable to bring a sin-offering the entire action from beginning to end must be performed unwittingly. This section also includes several other cases where someone throws something and she is nevertheless exempt. If the object is caught by a dog or by another person or is burnt up before it lands, it turns out that she uprooted the object but she didn’t cause it to be put down. Therefore, she is exempt. Note, that this does not mean that one is allowed to throw things to one’s fellow in the public domain or from one domain to the other. Rather, one who does so is not liable.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
If one throws [something] in order to inflict a wound whether to a person or a beast, and he remembers [that it is Shabbat] before the wound is inflicted he is not liable. Putting a wound into somebody is a derivative of one of the forbidden labors on Shabbat. In this case the person throws something at another person or at an animal while not knowing that it is Shabbat but remembers before the thrown object wounds the other person or animal. Similar to above, the beginning of the act was performed unwittingly and at the end the act was intentional. Hence the thrower is exempt.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
This is the general principle: all who are liable to sin-offerings are liable only if the beginning and the end [of the forbidden action] are unwitting. If their beginning is unwitting while their end is intentional, if their beginning is intentional while their end is unwitting, they are not liable, unless their beginning and end are intentional. This section states explicitly the general rule that stood behind the previous two sections.
