Kiedy tak się dzieje? Kiedy jego usta są skierowane na zewnątrz. Ale jeśli jego usta są skierowane do wewnątrz i [kawałek wielkości] oliwki martwego ciała jest umieszczane pod nim lub na wierzchu z zewnątrz, wszystko naprzeciwko [kawałka wielkości] oliwki, pod nią i na wierzchu to (i jego wnętrze) są nieczyste. Cokolwiek nie jest przeciwne do [kawałek wielkości] oliwki, jej wnętrze i dom są czyste. Gdyby to było wewnątrz [ula] lub domu, wszystko byłoby nieczyste.
Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
היה פיה לפנים – that it was leaning on its side and its rims were outside and its mouth was inside. For now, we are speaking of the time when it is a hollowed-out vessel and is not higher from the ground a handbreadth. But there is no distinction whether its mouth is outside or whether its mouth is inside, but that when its mouth is outside as is taught above (i.e., Mishnah 4) regarding a house, nothing is impure other than the house, but here, when its mouth is inside, it (i.e., the Mishnah) teaches that everything is impure, because the defilement enters through its mouth.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
When do these rules apply? When the mouth [of the hive is pointing] outwards If the mouth is [pointing] inwards [towards the house]: Our mishnah changes the scenario that we have been examining from mishnayot 1-4 so that the mouth of the hive is open inwards towards the house instead of to the outside. The mishnah now goes through all of the scenarios that we have already seen in the first four mishnayot. Instead of referring the reader to these mishnayot, for ease of reference, when the rules are the same, I have copied the commentary from there.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
If an olive-sized portion of the corpse is placed below or above [that part of the hive which is] outside, everything directly below or above that olive-sized portion becomes unclean, and everything not directly [below or above it] and whatever is within [the hive] and the house, remains clean. The hive is totally blocking the house, with the opening of the hive facing inward. If impurity is found above or below, it will defile anything that is directly above or below it, but it won't spread to the sides because it is not in an ohel. It also does not defile inside the hive because the hive is not susceptible to impurity (see mishnah one).
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
[If the uncleanness is] within the hive or the house, everything becomes unclean. If the uncleanness is within the hive everything is impure, meaning anything found in the hive, on top or below the hive or in the house. While the hive does not act as an ohel to block the impurity but it does bring the impurity. This was stated explicitly in 8:3, where the mishnah listed things that bring impurity but do not block against it.
