Chi sta santificando le acque di chatat non dovrebbe indossare scarpe, perché se il liquido dovesse cadere sulla scarpa, diventa impuro [rispetto al chatat ], e lo rende [chi lo indossa] impuro. Ecco [è come se] dice [alla scarpa]: "Ciò che ti rende impuro [cioè il liquido] non mi impura [che i liquidi non rendano le persone impure], eppure mi hai reso impuro!" Se il liquido gli è caduto sulla carne, è [ancora] puro. Se cadono sui suoi vestiti, diventano impuri e rendono impuro [chi li indossa]. Ecco [è come se] dice [agli abiti]: "Ciò che ti rende impuro [cioè liquido] non mi impura, eppure mi hai reso impuro!"
Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
נטמא וטמאהו- the sandal became defiled and it defiled the person for the [waters of] lustration/purification waters. For the vessels that were defiled through liquids defile the person for the purification, that we don’t count the first and second for purification/sin-offering as it is taught in the Mishnah further on in the chapter כל הראוי/whatever is appropriate (Mishnah 6). Even though that if these liquids fell upon his skin, he is ritually pure, for a person who is ritually pure for the rite of the heifer, if impure liquids came in contact with his flesh, he is pure like he was, except if they touched his hands, because impure liquids defile the hands, and regarding the purity of the sin-offering, we hold that if his hands were defiled, his body is defiled.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
Introduction
Both halves of this mishnah teach that the hatat waters defile garments and shoes but they do not directly defile the person who is preparing the mixture of water and cow ash.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Parah
מטמאיך לא טמאוני (those things which made you unclean could not have made me unclean) – liquids that defiled the sandal were not able to defile the pure individual, if they came in contact with his flesh, as we have stated, but the sandal that comes from their power defiles him.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
One who prepares the mixture of the hatat should not wear his sandals, for were some of the liquid to fall on his sandal it would become unclean and [the sandal] would defile him. Behold he would say [to the sandal], "That which defiled you did not defile me, but you did defile me." When filling the trough with water to get ready to make the mixture water will spill to the ground. The one preparing the mixture will therefore be standing in water while mixing. This water is pure but it is considered impure vis a vis the preparation of the hatat mixture. Impure water defiles vessels on contact, so it will defile the sandal. The sandal will then defile him because vessels that have become impure due to contact with liquids defile a person with regard to preparing the hatat waters. However, the water does not directly defile him. We should note that there are two stringencies here that are related only to the hatat. 1) Even though the water is pure, it defiles the sandal. 2) The sandal defiles the person. Both of these measures are not true with regard to general matters of purity. We shall return to stringencies in purity for the hatat when we learn chapter ten. The section ends with a cute discussion between the man and his sandal. He points accusingly at the sandal, noting with some iron that that which defiled you (the water) didn't defile me, but you, sneaky little sandal, did defile me.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
If some of the liquid fell on his skin he remains clean. This was noted above.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Parah
If it fell on his garment it becomes unclean and defiles him. Behold he would say [to the garment], "That which defiled you did not defile me, but you did defile me." This is the same scenario as above, only with a garment instead of clothing. The only difference is that it is obviously not prohibited to wear a garment when mixing the water!
