E questi sono voti di afflizione: se lei dicesse: "Konam, (che non mangerò) i frutti del mondo", può annullarlo. (Se dicesse: "Konam, che non mangerò) i frutti di quel paese", può portare i suoi frutti da un altro paese. "i frutti di quel negoziante", non può annullarlo. E se il suo sostentamento (il marito) provenisse solo da lui (quel negoziante) [il negoziante che dà credito al marito fino a quando non lo guadagna e lo ripaga], può annullarlo. Queste sono le parole di R. Yossi. [R. Yossi è coerente con la sua opinione che il marito non annulli ogni voto di afflizione, differenziando tra grande afflizione e moderata afflizione e tra afflizione a lungo termine e a breve termine. E tutti i mishnayoth di questo capitolo sono secondo lui e non sono l'halachah. Ma il marito può annullare qualsiasi voto di afflizione, che sia un voto di un giorno, un voto di un'ora o un voto a lungo termine; se comporta grande afflizione o moderata afflizione. Allo stesso modo, può annullare i voti e i giuramenti nelle cose "tra lui e lei" anche se non comporta alcuna afflizione, come quando giurò o giurò di non dipingere gli occhi o di non adornarsi. Allo stesso modo, se ha promesso di non mangiare i frutti di questo paese, il marito può annullarlo, portandoli da un paese diverso comportando uno sforzo. Queste sono cose che sono "tra lui e lei". E qual è la differenza tra i voti e i giuramenti che sono tra lui e lei e i voti e i giuramenti di afflizione? Voti e giuramenti di afflizione annulla sia per se stesso che per gli altri, ad esempio, se ha promesso di non mangiare carne o di bere vino, la annulla e le è permesso di mangiare e bere, anche dopo che è rimasta vedova o divorziata e sposata con un'altra . E i voti e i giuramenti "tra lui e lei", ad esempio, se proibiva a se stessa la convivenza con tutti gli uomini per sempre o si dipingeva o adornava per sempre, annulla ciò che gli appartiene, e lei convive con lui, dipinge e si adorna fino a quando lei è sua moglie. E quando è vedova o divorziata, le è vietata la convivenza con qualsiasi uomo, così come la pittura e l'ornamento; e, similmente, in casi simili.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Nedarim
אם לא היתה פרנסתו אלא ממנו – that he believes in him until he will earn enough and will repay him.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nedarim
Introduction
This mishnah is the continuation of Rabbi Yose’s opinion, begun in yesterday’s mishnah. Yesterday Rabbi Yose said that if the wife vows not to adorn herself or not to bathe the husband cannot annul because these are not considered vows of self-denial. In our mishnah Rabbi Yose provides his definition of vows of self-denial.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Nedarim
הרי זה יפר דברי ר' יוסי – Rabbi Yossi, according to his reasoning who holds that the husband does not absolve every vow that has in it privations of the necessities of life, since he distinguishes between greater privation and lesser privation and between privation for a lengthy period of time to that of a short period of time, but all of the Mishnayot of this chapter go according to him and are not Halakha. Rather, the husband annuls/absolves all vows that have in them privations of the necessities of life, whether of one day and even one hour, whether for a lengthy period of time, whether the privation is great or whether the privation is small, and similarly absolves vows and oaths in matters that are between him and her, even though they are not privations of the necessities of life, as, for example, if she took an oath or a vow not to paint her eyelids or not to adorn herself. And similarly, if she vowed that she would not eat from the produce of this province, the husband annuls/absolves, for it is troublesome for him to bring her produce from another province, and these are things between him and her. But what is the difference between vows and oaths that are between him and her to vows and oaths that have in them privations of the necessities of life? Vows and oaths that have in them privations of the necessities of life he absolves/annuls for himself and for others, as for example, if she took a vow that she would not eat meat or drink wine, he absolves her and she is permitted ot eat and to drink and even after she becomes a widow or a divorcee and marries another [man]. But vows and oaths that are between him and her, as, for example, if she forbade upon herself sexual intercourse of every man in the world, or that she wouldn’t ever paint her eyelids or adorn herself, he absolves his part, and she would perform her marital duty and paint her eyelids and adorn herself all the time that she is under him , and when she is widowed or divorced, she would be forbidden in engaging in sexual relations with all men and to paint her eyelids and to adorn herself And so forth in a similar manner.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nedarim
But these are vows of self-denial: If she says, “Konam be the produce of the [whole] world to me”, he can annul. If the woman forbids upon herself all produce everywhere the husband may annul the vow because this is certainly considered a vow of self-denial.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nedarim
“Konam be the produce of this region to me,” he should bring her that of a different region. In this case he cannot annul the vow because he may bring her produce from another region.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Nedarim
“[Konam be] the produce of this shopkeeper to me”, he cannot annul. But if he can obtain his sustenance only from him, he can annul, the words of Rabbi Yose. Similarly, if she vows not to eat the produce of a certain shopkeeper, he may not break the vow because he may bring her produce from other shopkeepers. However, if the husband has a deal with the shopkeeper from whom she swore not to receive benefit, whereby the shopkeeper provides him with food on credit, then he may annul the vow. Since the husband will not be able to bring his wife food from the other shopkeepers who do not give to him on credit, he will not be able to provide her with food, and therefore her vow will be one of self-denial. The Sages disagree with Rabbi Yose and hold that even though she has sworn not to receive benefit only from one specific person and she could receive from others, this is still considered a vow of self-denial and the husband may annul it.
