Un éclat, de quoi se placer entre une planche et la suivante. [Lorsque des planches, des piliers ou des poutres sont disposés sur le sol en rangées et qu'il y a de l'espace entre l'un et l'autre, il (le tesson) est placé en dessous pour qu'il ne se plie pas.] R. Meir dit: Ce qui suffit pour ratisser charbons avec. R. Yossi dit: Ce qui suffit pour recevoir un revi'ith (d'eau). R. Meir a dit: Même s'il n'y a aucune preuve pour cela, il y a une allusion à cela [à la signification d'un éclat en tant que ramasseur de charbon], à savoir. (Esaïe 30:14): "Et il ne sera pas trouvé parmi ses fragments un fragment avec lequel ramasser le feu d'un foyer." R. Yossi lui dit: Est-ce que cela prouve quelque chose? Le verset continue: "et avec lequel puiser l'eau d'un geve!" [Un geve est un petit trou dans lequel l'eau s'accumule—d'où nous voyons qu'un fragment est également important en tant que récepteur d'eau. La halakha est conforme à R. Yossi.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
בין פצים לחבירו – when they arrange the boards and the pillars and the beams and make rows of beams on the ground, and there is a space tween this one and that one, we support it underneath so that it does not become curved.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Introduction
The final mishnah of our chapter is about the minimum size of a shard for which a person is liable for carrying.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
זכר לדבר – for it is considered earthenware when taking the fire out in it.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
A shard, as much as is needed for placing between one board and another, the words of Rabbi Judah. A small shard would be placed between building pillars used in making a house, if there were gaps between the pillars or boards. According to Rabbi Judah this is the measure of the type of shard one is liable for carrying on Shabbat. This is the smallest of the measures given in the mishnah.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
לחשוף – to lift up/raise
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Rabbi Meir says: enough to scoop out the coals with it. Rabbi Meir sets a slightly larger amount. The shard must be enough to scoop out coals from a fire. This is the largest measure of the three that are in the mishnah.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
מגבא – a small hole where the water is gathered in it, so we see that it is considered earthenware also in the receiving of water, and Halakha is according to Rabbi Yosi.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Rabbi Yose says: large enough to contain a revi’it. Rabbi Yose holds that the shard must only be large enough to hold a revi’it of water, which is about 3 oz.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Rabbi Meir said: even though there is no proof of the matter, there is a hint: “So that no shard is left in its breakage to scoop coals from a brazier” (Isaiah 30:1. Rabbi Yose said to him: proof [of my view] is from there [as well]: “Or to take ladle water from a puddle” (. In this section Rabbi Meir tries to prove from a verse in Isaiah that shards were used for scooping out coals. Rabbi Yose responds that if that verse is going to be used, why not look to the end of the verse which proves that shards were also used to ladle water. Therefore, a shard that is large enough to use to draw water is already large enough such that one who carries it is liable for carrying on Shabbat.
