Un yibum en attente, à qui la propriété est tombée [de la maison de son père, alors qu'elle attendait toujours le yibum] —Beth Shammai et Beth Hillel conviennent qu'elle peut le vendre et le donner en cadeau, et cela tient. Si elle mourait, que faire de sa kethubah [un manah, ou deux manah, l'addition et la dot qu'elle lui a apportée et dont il a assumé la responsabilité], et des biens qui entrent et sortent avec son [nichsei melog, qui, quand elle entre, entre avec elle et, quand elle quitte son mari, sort avec elle]? Beth Shammai dit: Les héritiers du mari (c'est-à-dire le yavam) le partagent avec les héritiers du père, [car il y a une possibilité qu'elle soit (considérée) mariée au yavam, qui acquiert la moitié de l'héritage selon cette possibilité .], et Beth Hillel disent: La propriété [tzon barzel] reste dans son statut [Et il n'est pas précisé si dans le statut (c'est-à-dire la propriété) des héritiers du mari, en ce qu'il en avait été responsable, ou dans le statut des héritiers de la femme, la propriété ayant été la sienne. Cette Michna se trouve dans le quatrième chapitre d'Evamoth (4: 3)], et sa kethubah est dans le statut des héritiers du mari. La propriété qui entre et sort avec elle est au statut d'héritiers du père.
Bartenura on Mishnah Ketubot
שנפלו לה נכסים – from her father’s house/estate while she is still a woman awaiting levirate marriage with her dead husband’s brother.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Ketubot
Introduction
This mishnah appeared word for word in Yevamoth 4:3. I have replicated my commentary here for convenience sake. Despite the fact that this is its second appearance, it is likely that it was first taught in this context, where it matches the literary pattern of the rest of the mishnah. Only later was it brought to Yevamoth.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Ketubot
מה יעשו בכתובתה – [whether it is] a Maneh, or two-hundred and the supplement and the dowry that she brought in to him, go in with her [when she gets married], and when she goes out from her husband (i.e., gets divorced), go out with her and he has accepted upon himself surety (which may be resorted to in case of non-payment).
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English Explanation of Mishnah Ketubot
If a woman awaiting yibbum came into possession of money: Beth Shammai and Beth Hillel agree that she may sell it or give it away, and that her act is legally valid. Beth Shammai and Beth Hillel agree that a shomereth yavam can sell new property that has come into her hands since the death of her first husband. She does not need the permission of the yavam, because he has not married her.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Ketubot
ובנכסים הנכנסין והיוצאין – usufruct that when she enters [into marriage], they enter with her and when she leaves from her husband, they leave with her.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Ketubot
If she dies, what shall be done with her ketubah and with property that comes in and goes out with her? Beth Shammai says: the heirs of her husband are to share it with the heirs of her father; Beth Hillel says: the property is to remain with those in whose possession it is, the ketubah is to remain in the possession of the heirs of the husband and the property which comes in and goes out with her remains in the possession of the heirs of her father. If she dies, there is a dispute between the two houses concerning her inheritance. Usually a husband inherits his wife, but in this case she only had a yavam who had not yet performed yibbum. He is not fully her husband. Beth Shammai holds that the heirs of her husband, meaning the yavam who inherits from his dead brother, splits the money with the heirs of her father. The heirs of the father inherit since an unmarried woman is inherited by her father. Beth Hillel does not split the money evenly. Rather, each part of the inheritance remains where it is presumed to be. Since the ketubah, meaning the money paid from the husband to the wife upon death or divorce, is still with the husband’s estate, the husband’s inheritors collect this money. The dowry is in the wife’s possession, since the husband cannot sell it. Therefore the wife’s father’s inheritors inherit this property.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Ketubot
בית שמאי אומרים יחלוקו יורשי הבעל עם יורשי האב – for she was doubtfully married to the levir and he takes possession of one half of her inheritance from doubt.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Ketubot
נכסים בחזקתן – the mort-main property are in their legal status/presumption and it is not explained in the possession of whom - if it is in the possession of the heirs of the husband, for since surety/property that may be resorted to in the event of non-payment is upon him or if [it is in the possession of] the heirs of the wife, which were hers, and in the fourth chapter of [Tractate] Yevamot (Mishnah 3), you will find this Mishnah.
