Quien entra en un pueblo pronuncia dos oraciones, una al entrar y otra al salir. Ben Azzai dice: Cuatro, dos al entrar y dos al salir. [Cuando está a punto de entrar, dice: "... que me conduces a este pueblo en paz". Una vez que ha entrado, dice: "Te doy gracias por haberme llevado a este pueblo en paz".—dos al entrar. Cuando está a punto de irse, dice: "... que me sacas de esta ciudad en paz". Una vez que se ha ido, dice: "Te doy gracias por haberme sacado de esta ciudad en paz". Y él da las gracias por el pasado y clama por el futuro. [¿Por qué todo esto? Porque uno debe dar gracias a su Creador por el bien que ha experimentado y debe orar por el bien en el futuro.]
Tosefta Berakhot
The blessing after the meal is an obligation from the Torah, as it says “And you will eat and be sated, and you shall bless the Lord, your God, for the good land He has given you.” (Devarim 8:10) ’And you will eat and be sated, and you shall bless’ this refers to the blessing after the meal. ‘the Lord, your God’ refers to the first blessing on the land. ‘the good land’ this refers to Jerusalem, as it says “…this good mountain and the Lebanon.” (Devarim 3:25) ‘He has given you’ this refers to the blessing of ‘who is good and does good.’ From where do we learn that just as one is obligated to make a blessing before eating, so too they are obligated to make one after eating? The verse says ‘He has given you,’ meaning from the moment He has given it to you. From where do we learn that we bless even on the mountains and the hills? The verse says ‘on the land.’ From where do we learn that we bless even on the Torah and the commandments? The verse says ‘He has given you,’ and it says elsewhere “…and I will give you the stone tablets…” (Shemot 24:12) R’ Meir says ‘from where do we learn that just as one blesses on the good, so too they bless on the bad? The verse says ‘the Lord, your God…has given you’ “Your God,” meaning, “your Judge.” Bless Him for every judgement He passes on you, be it for the good or bad.