Comentario sobre Oholot 6:2
קוֹבְרֵי הַמֵּת שֶׁהָיוּ עוֹבְרִים בְּאַכְסַדְרָה, וְהֵגִיף אַחַד מֵהֶן אֶת הַדֶּלֶת וּסְמָכוֹ בַמַּפְתֵּחַ, אִם יָכוֹל הַדֶּלֶת לַעֲמֹד בִּפְנֵי עַצְמוֹ, טָהוֹר. וְאִם לָאו, טָמֵא. וְכֵן חָבִית שֶׁל גְּרוֹגָרוֹת אוֹ קֻפָּה שֶׁל תֶּבֶן שֶׁהֵן נְתוּנוֹת בְּחַלּוֹן, אִם יְכוֹלִין הַגְּרוֹגָרוֹת וְהַתֶּבֶן לַעֲמֹד בִּפְנֵי עַצְמָן, טְהוֹרִין. וְאִם לָאו, טְמֵאִין. בַּיִת שֶׁחֲצָצוֹ בְקַנְקַנִּים וְטָח בְּטִיחַ, אִם יָכוֹל הַטִּיחַ לַעֲמֹד בִּפְנֵי עַצְמוֹ, טָהוֹר. וְאִם לָאו, טָמֵא:
Aquellos que entierran los cadáveres que pasaban por un callejón si uno de ellos cerraba la puerta y la abrochaba con una llave, si la puerta puede sostenerse por sí sola, es pura, pero si no es impura. Del mismo modo, una jarra de higos secos o una cesta de paja que se colocaron en una ventana [donde estaba un cadáver], si los higos secos o la paja podían sostenerse solos, son puros, pero si no, son impuros. Una casa [que contiene un cadáver] que estaba dividida por barriles y cubierta con yeso, si el yeso puede sostenerse por sí mismo, es pura, pero si no es impura.
Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
אחד מהן – one of those who accompany the corpse to buy it and not from those who carry the bier. And the same law applies if another person shut the door, but it (i.e., the Mishnah) took the usual incident.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
If corpse-bearers were passing along a portico and one of them shut a door and locked it with a key, If the door can remain in its position on its own,[the contents of the house] remain clean, But if not, they become unclean. The corpse-bearers were walking along a portico (a structure with pillars and a roof) and one of them locked the door to the house before the dead body was brought into the portico. Subsequently, the corpse was brought into the portico. If the door can stand in place on its own, without relying on the lock, then the contents of the house are pure. However, if the door cannot stand in place without the lock, then the contents of the house become unclean. This is similar to the rule we found in yesterday's mishnah. Something that serves as a barrier to impurity, in this case the door, must be able to stand on its own without relying on a person or a vessel (the lock) to hold it up. If it cannot stand on its own, it does not serve as a barrier.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
הגיף את הדלת – so that the defilement should not enter the house when they pass through the portico that is in front of the house, for there is a ceiling on top of it.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
Similarly [in the case of] a barrel of dried figs or a basket of straw placed in a window, If the dried figs or the straw can remain in their position on their own, [the contents of the room] remain clean, But if not they become unclean. This is the same rule except instead of a door serving as a barrier to impurity we have a barrel or a basket. Inside one room is a dead body. The barrel or basket themselves are susceptible to impurity and therefore they do not serve as a barrier (the barrel would serve as a barrier if its back was towards the room with the dead body). The dried figs or straw are not susceptible to impurity. If they can stand on their own, they serve as a barrier. But if they cannot, the impurity will defile the contents of the other room.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
אם יכולה הדלת לעמוד – without the support of the key, he has a key like one who lacks one and the door [itself] interposes in the face of the defilement.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Oholot
[In the case of] a house partitioned off by wine-jars, which had been plastered with clay, If the clay can remain in its position on its own, [the space partitioned off] remains clean, But if not, it becomes unclean. In this situation the wine-jars themselves do not provide a barrier because their mouths are open to the impure side. If the clay can remain in place without the wine-jars then it will provide a barrier. But if it does not, there is no barrier and the impurity will spread from one side to the other.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
ואם לאו טמא – for every thing that is supported by vessels does not interpose in the face of the defilement. For as we stated (see Mishnah 1 of this chapter) a human and vessels are not made tents to purify. And that is the reason of straw, that is the reason of dried figs and that is the reason of plaster, because their standing through [the use of] vessels which are a wine jug, a basket and cylindrical vessels.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
שהן נתונים בחלון – that the have a handbreadth by a handbreadth [measurement] that brings the defilement from house to house.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
אם יכולים הגרגרות והתבן לעמוד בעצמן – without a jug or a basket.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
טהורים – that the vessels are like they are not, and the dried figs and straw protect, and this is what will be with the dried figs that decayed and are not appropriate for eating, and similarly, decayed straw which is not appropriate for the eating b cattle and he nullifies them, and it is not his intention to remove them. And because of this, they interpose, for all where the straw and the dried figs close up everything, as for example here where there is a place for a wine jug or a basket, if he doesn’t nullify them, they do not interpose.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
ואם לאו טמאין – as long as the wine jug will be if it made of earthenware that its mouth will correspond to the defilement and therefore it does not protect, for every thing that is susceptible to receive ritual impurity does not interpose in the face of the defilement. But if the back of the wine jug corresponds to the defilement, it interposes in the face of the defilement, for an earthenware vessel is not susceptible to receive defilement from its back.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
בית שחצצו בקנקנים – and their mouths are towards the defilement, for now they do not protect.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
וטח בטיח – whether from the inside or whether from the outside.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Oholot
אם יכול הטיח לעמוד בפני עצמו טהור – that the plaster interposes in the face of the defilement.
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