Comentario sobre Keilim 22:9
כֹּפֶת שֶׁסֵּרְקוֹ, וְכִרְכְּמוֹ, וַעֲשָׂאוֹ פָנִים, רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא מְטַמֵּא. וַחֲכָמִים מְטַהֲרִין, עַד שֶׁיָּחֹק בּוֹ. הַסַּל וְהַכַּלְכָּלָה שֶׁמִּלְאָן תֶּבֶן אוֹ מוֹכִין, הִתְקִינָן לִישִׁיבָה, טְהוֹרִין. סֵרְגָן בְּגֶמִי אוֹ בִמְשִׁיחָה, טְמֵאִין:
Un bloque [de madera] que estaba pintado de rojo o azafrán, o fue pulido: el rabino Akiva dice que es susceptible a la impureza, pero los Sabios dicen que permanece puro hasta que se forje [un asiento]. Una canasta pequeña o una grande que estaba llena de paja u otro material blando, [incluso] si lo preparó para ser un asiento, permanece puro. Pero si lo trenza con hierba de caña o con un cordón, se vuelve susceptible a la impureza.
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
כופת (a block with a concave top to sit upon/bolster, stool) – a thick and wide piece of wood, and this is implied in his explanation in the Tosefta (see Tosefta Demai, Chapter 1, Halakha 11 and see also Tosefta Kelim Bava Batra, Chapter 2, Halakha 1).
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
A [wooden] block which was painted red or saffron, or was polished: Rabbi Akiva says that it is susceptible to uncleanness, But the sages say that it remains clean unless [a seat] was carved out. The issue at hand in this section is what does one have to do to a plain wooden block in order to turn it into a chair? According to Rabbi Akiva, it is sufficient to paint it or to polish it for it to be considered a chair and therefore susceptible to impurity. The other sages rule that this is insufficient. To make something into a real chair a seat must be carved out.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
סרקו – which was painted.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
A small basket or a big one that was filled with straw or other soft material remains clean [even] if it was prepared as a seat. But if it was plaited over with reed-grass or with a cord it becomes susceptible to uncleanness. Even if one fills a basket with soft material and intends to use it as a seat, it is not susceptible to impurity. The problem with it is that as soon as he turns the basket over, the stuff will fall out and the seat will no longer exist. To turn the basket into a seat he must fill it with some sort of stuffing and plait over it with some type of binding material to keep the contents in. If he does this, the basket will be a seat and it will be susceptible to impurity.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
וכרכמו (which was varnished) – which was colored with crocus/saffron.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
ועשאו פנים (or was polished) – he invalidated it with an adze and made it smooth with a tool for planning wood, that it should have a nice appearance.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
רבי עקיבא מטמא – for it is for sitting.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
וחכמים מטהרין – for it is considered like a plain piece of wood.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
עד שיחק בו (until he will make a hollow on it) – until he hollows out a place of sitting.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
התקינו לישיבה – from impurity through treading/Midras, because they are not made for sitting and knowledge of it was abolished among all people.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
סרגן בגמי (if he plaited them over with reed-grass) – on their openings, in the manner that they plait the beds.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
טמאין – that the straw and the hackled wool/a soft spongy substance won’t be able to fall, and they are appropriate for sitting.
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