Menachot 13

הֲרֵי עָלַי עִשָּׂרוֹן, יָבִיא אֶחָד. עֶשְׂרוֹנִים, יָבִיא שְׁנָיִם. פֵּרַשְׁתִּי וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ מַה פֵּרַשְׁתִּי, יָבִיא שִׁשִּׁים עִשָּׂרוֹן. הֲרֵי עָלַי מִנְחָה, יָבִיא אֵיזוֹ שֶׁיִּרְצֶה. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, יָבִיא מִנְחַת הַסֹּלֶת, שֶׁהִיא מְיֻחֶדֶת שֶׁבַּמְּנָחוֹת:

[One who says,] "I take upon myself an <i>issaron</i> [specific dry volume measure]" - he must bring one. "<i>esronim</i>" - he must bring two. "I specified, but I don't know what I specified" - he must bring 60 <i>issaron</i>. If he said, "I take upon myself a grain offering" - he may bring whichever type he wants. Rabbi Yehuda says: he should bring a fine-flour grain offering, because it is the most special of the grain offerings.

מִנְחָה, מִין הַמִּנְחָה, יָבִיא אֶחָת. מְנָחוֹת, מִין הַמְּנָחוֹת, יָבִיא שְׁתָּיִם. פֵּרַשְׁתִּי וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ מַה פֵּרַשְׁתִּי, יָבִיא חֲמִשְׁתָּן. פֵּרַשְׁתִּי מִנְחָה שֶׁל עֶשְׂרוֹנִים וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ מַה פֵּרַשְׁתִּי, יָבִיא מִנְחָה שֶׁל שִׁשִּׁים עִשָּׂרוֹן. רַבִּי אוֹמֵר, יָבִיא מְנָחוֹת שֶׁל עֶשְׂרוֹנִים מֵאֶחָד וְעַד שִׁשִּׁים:

"A grain offering" or "a type of grain offering" - he must bring one type. "Grain offerings" or "a type of grain offerings" - he must bring two types. "I specified, but I don't know what I specified" - he must bring all five [types]. "I specified a grain offering of <i>esronim</i>, but I don't know what I specified" - he must bring a grain offering of 60 <i>issaron</i>. Rabbi [Yehuda HaNasi] says he must bring grain offerings [of every size] from one <i>issaron</i> until 60 <i>issaron</i>.

הֲרֵי עָלַי עֵצִים, לֹא יִפְחֹת מִשְּׁנֵי גְזִירִין. לְבוֹנָה, לֹא יִפְחֹת מִקֹּמֶץ. חֲמִשָּׁה קֳמָצִים הֵן, הָאוֹמֵר הֲרֵי עָלַי לְבוֹנָה, לֹא יִפְחֹת מִקֹּמֶץ. הַמִּתְנַדֵּב מִנְחָה, יָבִיא עִמָּהּ קֹמֶץ לְבוֹנָה. הַמַּעֲלֶה אֶת הַקֹּמֶץ בַּחוּץ, חַיָּב. וּשְׁנֵי בְזִיכִין טְעוּנִין שְׁנֵי קֳמָצִים:

"I take upon myself wood" - he may not bring less than two logs. "Frankincense" - he may not bring less than a handful. There are five [situation where the measure is] handfuls: one who says, "I take upon myself frankincense" - he may not bring less than a handful; if he vows a grain offering - he must bring with it a handful of frankincense; one who offers a handful outside the Temple is liable; the two bowls [placed on the table with the <i>Lechem Hapanim</i> [twelve, specially shaped unleavened loaves offered each Shabbat on the golden table in the Temple ]require two handfuls [in each].

הֲרֵי עָלַי זָהָב, לֹא יִפְחֹת מִדִּינַר זָהָב. כֶּסֶף, לֹא יִפְחֹת מִדִּינַר כָּסֶף. נְחשֶׁת, לֹא יִפְחֹת מִמָּעָה כָסֶף. פֵּרַשְׁתִּי וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ מַה פֵּרַשְׁתִּי, הוּא מֵבִיא עַד שֶׁיֹּאמַר לֹא לְכָךְ נִתְכַּוָּנְתִּי:

"I take upon myself a gold [coin]"- he may not bring less than a <i>dinar</i> [specific coin] of gold. "Silver" - he may not bring less than a <i>dinar</i> of silver. "Copper", he may not bring less than a <i>ma'ah</i> [specific coin] of copper. "I specified but I don't know what I specified" - he must bring until he says "I definitely did not mean to bring this much".

הֲרֵי עָלַי יַיִן, לֹא יִפְחֹת מִשְּׁלשָׁה לֻגִּין. שֶׁמֶן, לֹא יִפְחֹת מִלֹּג. רַבִּי אוֹמֵר, שְׁלשָׁה לֻגִּין. פֵּרַשְׁתִּי וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ מַה פֵּרַשְׁתִּי, יָבִיא כַיּוֹם הַמְּרֻבֶּה:

“I take upon myself to bring wine” - he may not bring less than three <i>login</i>. “Oil,” he may not bring less than one <i>log</i>; Rabbi says: three <i>login</i>. “I specified but I don't what I specified,” he must bring the most that is brought on any one day.

הֲרֵי עָלַי עוֹלָה, יָבִיא כֶבֶשׂ. רַבִּי אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן עֲזַרְיָה אוֹמֵר, אוֹ תוֹר אוֹ בֶן יוֹנָה. פֵּרַשְׁתִּי מִן הַבָּקָר וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ מַה פֵּרַשְׁתִּי, יָבִיא פַר וָעֵגֶל. מִן הַבְּהֵמָה וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ מַה פֵּרַשְׁתִּי, יָבִיא פָר וָעֵגֶל אַיִל גְּדִי וְטָלֶה. פֵּרַשְׁתִּי וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ מַה פֵּרַשְׁתִּי, מוֹסִיף עֲלֵיהֶם תּוֹר וּבֶן יוֹנָה:

“I take upon myself an <i>olah</i>” - he must bring a lamb. Rabbi Elazar ben Azaryah say: either a turtle-dove or a young pigeon. “I specified [an <i> olah </i> offering] of cattle, but I do not know what I specified,” he must bring a bull and a calf. “[I specified an <i>;olah </i> offering] of the [domesticated] beasts, but I do not know what I specified,” he must bring a bull, a he-calf, a ram, a goat, a kid, and a lamb. “I specified [an <i>olah</i>], but I do not know what I specified,” he must add to these a turtle-dove and a young pigeon.

הֲרֵי עָלַי תּוֹדָה, וּשְׁלָמִים, יָבִיא כֶבֶשׂ. פֵּרַשְׁתִּי מִן הַבָּקָר וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ מַה פֵּרַשְׁתִּי, יָבִיא פָר וּפָרָה עֵגֶל וְעֶגְלָה. מִן הַבְּהֵמָה וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ מַה פֵּרַשְׁתִּי, יָבִיא פַר וּפָרָה, עֵגֶל וְעֶגְלָה, אַיִל וְרָחֵל, גְּדִי וּגְדִיָּה, שָׂעִיר וּשְׂעִירָה, טָלֶה וְטַלְיָה:

“I take upon myself a thanksgiving offering or a <i>shelamim</i> offering” - he must bring a lamb. “I specified [one of these types of offerings] of cattle, but I do not know what I specified” - he must bring a bull and a cow, a he-calf and a she-calf. “[I specified one of these types of offerings] of the [domesticated] beasts, but I do not know what I specified” - he must bring a bull and a cow, a he-calf and a she-calf, a ram and a ewe, a he-goat and a she-goat, a he-kid and a she-kid, a he-lamb and a she-lamb.

הֲרֵי עָלַי שׁוֹר, יָבִיא הוּא וּנְסָכָיו בְּמָנֶה. עֵגֶל, יָבִיא הוּא וּנְסָכָיו בְּחָמֵשׁ. אַיִל, יָבִיא הוּא וּנְסָכָיו בִּשְׁתַּיִם. כֶּבֶשׂ, יָבִיא הוּא וּנְסָכָיו בְּסָלַע. שׁוֹר בְּמָנֶה, יָבִיא בְמָנֶה חוּץ מִנְּסָכָיו. עֵגֶל בְּחָמֵשׁ, יָבִיא בְחָמֵשׁ חוּץ מִנְּסָכָיו. אַיִל בִּשְׁתַּיִם, יָבִיא בִשְׁתַּיִם חוּץ מִנְּסָכָיו. כֶּבֶשׂ בְּסֶלַע, יָבִיא בְסֶלַע חוּץ מִנְּסָכָיו. שׁוֹר בְּמָנֶה וְהֵבִיא שְׁנַיִם בְּמָנֶה, לֹא יָצָא, אֲפִלּוּ זֶה בְמָנֶה חָסֵר דִּינָר וְזֶה בְמָנֶה חָסֵר דִּינָר. שָׁחוֹר וְהֵבִיא לָבָן, לָבָן וְהֵבִיא שָׁחוֹר, גָּדוֹל וְהֵבִיא קָטָן, לֹא יָצָא. קָטָן וְהֵבִיא גָדוֹל, יָצָא. רַבִּי אוֹמֵר, לֹא יָצָא:

“I take upon myself an ox” - he must bring one with its libations to the value of a <i>maneh</i>. “A calf” - he must bring one with its libations to the value of five <i>selaim</i>. “A ram” - he must bring one with its libations to the value of two <i>selaim</i>. “A lamb” - he must bring one with its libations to the value of one <i>sela</i>. “An ox valued at one <i>maneh</i>” - he must bring one worth a <i>maneh</i> apart from its libations . “A calf valued at five <i>selaim</i>” - he must bring one worth five <i>selaim</i> apart from its libations. “A ram valued at two <i>selaim</i>” - he must bring one worth two <i>selaim</i> apart from its libations. “A lamb valued at one <i>sela</i>” - he must bring one worth one <i>sela</i> apart from its libations. "An ox valued at a <i>maneh</i>”, and he brought two together worth a <i>maneh</i>, he has not fulfilled his obligation, even if one was worth a <i>maneh</i> less one <i>dinar</i> and the other also was worth a <i>maneh</i> less one <i>dinar</i>. “A black one” and he brought a white one, or “a white one” and he brought a black one, or “a large one” and he brought a small one, he has not fulfilled his obligation. "A small one” and he brought a large one - he has fulfilled his obligation; Rabbi [Yehudah Hanasi] says: he has not fulfilled his obligation.

שׁוֹר זֶה עוֹלָה, וְנִסְתָּאֵב, אִם רָצָה, יָבִיא בְדָמָיו שְׁנָיִם. שְׁנֵי שְׁוָרִים אֵלּוּ עוֹלָה, וְנִסְתָּאֲבוּ, אִם רָצָה, יָבִיא בִדְמֵיהֶם אֶחָד. רַבִּי אוֹסֵר. אַיִל זֶה עוֹלָה, וְנִסְתָּאֵב, אִם רָצָה, יָבִיא בְדָמָיו כֶּבֶשׂ. כֶּבֶשׂ זֶה עוֹלָה וְנִסְתָּאֵב, אִם רָצָה, יָבִיא בְדָמָיו אַיִל. רַבִּי אוֹסֵר. הָאוֹמֵר אַחַד מִכְּבָשַׂי הֶקְדֵּשׁ, וְאַחַד מִשְּׁוָרַי הֶקְדֵּשׁ, הָיוּ לוֹ שְׁנַיִם, הַגָּדוֹל שֶׁבָּהֶן הֶקְדֵּשׁ. שְׁלשָׁה, הַבֵּינוֹנִי שֶׁבָּהֶן הֶקְדֵּשׁ. פֵּרַשְׁתִּי וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ מַה פֵּרַשְׁתִּי, אוֹ שֶׁאָמַר, אָמַר לִי אַבָּא וְאֵינִי יוֹדֵעַ מָה, הַגָּדוֹל שֶׁבָּהֶן הֶקְדֵּשׁ:

“This ox shall be an <i>olah</i>” and it becomes blemished - if he wants he may bring two with its [redemption] money. “These two oxen are for an <i>olah</i>” and they become blemished - if he wants he may bring one ox with their [redemption] money. Rabbi [Yehudah Hanasi] forbids it. “This ram shall be an <i>olah</i>” and it becomes blemished - if he wants he may bring a lamb with its [redemption] money. “This lamb shall be an <i>olah</i>” and it becomes blemished - if he wants he may bring a ram with its [redemption] money; Rabbi [Yehudah Hanasi] forbids it. One who says, “One of my lambs shall be sanctified,” or “one of my oxen shall be sanctified,” and he had only two, the larger one is sanctified. If he had three, the middle one is sanctified. “I specified one but I do not know which I specified,” or [if he said,] “My father told me [that he had specified one] but I do not know which” - the largest one among them is sanctified.

הֲרֵי עָלַי עוֹלָה, יַקְרִיבֶנָּה בַמִּקְדָּשׁ. וְאִם הִקְרִיבָהּ בְּבֵית חוֹנְיוֹ, לֹא יָצָא. שֶׁאַקְרִיבֶנָּה בְּבֵית חוֹנְיוֹ, יַקְרִיבֶנָּה בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ. וְאִם הִקְרִיבָהּ בְּבֵית חוֹנְיוֹ, יָצָא. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, אֵין זוֹ עוֹלָה. הֲרֵינִי נָזִיר, יְגַלַּח בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ. וְאִם גִּלַּח בְּבֵית חוֹנְיוֹ, לֹא יָצָא. שֶׁאֲגַלַּח בְּבֵית חוֹנְיוֹ, יְגַלַּח בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ. וְאִם גִּלַּח בְּבֵית חוֹנְיוֹ, יָצָא. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, אֵין זֶה נָזִיר. הַכֹּהֲנִים שֶׁשִּׁמְּשׁוּ בְּבֵית חוֹנְיוֹ, לֹא יְשַׁמְּשׁוּ בַמִּקְדָּשׁ בִּירוּשָׁלַיִם, וְאֵין צָרִיךְ לוֹמַר לְדָבָר אַחֵר, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר (מלכים ב כג), אַךְ לֹא יַעֲלוּ כֹּהֲנֵי הַבָּמוֹת אֶל מִזְבַּח ה' בִּירוּשָׁלָיִם כִי אִם אָכְלוּ מַצּוֹת בְּתוֹךְ אֲחֵיהֶם, הֲרֵי הֵם כְּבַעֲלֵי מוּמִין, חוֹלְקִין וְאוֹכְלִין, אֲבָל לֹא מַקְרִיבִין:

“I take upon myself an <i>olah</i>” - he must offer it in the Temple. And if he offered it in the Temple of Onias (A temple made by Onias in the Egyptian city of Heliopolis, contemporary with the Second Temple in Jerusalem), he has not fulfilled his obligation. “I take upon myself to offer an <i>olah</i> but I will offer it in the Temple of Onias” - he must offer it in the Temple, yet if he offered it in the Temple of Onias he has fulfilled his obligation. Rabbi Shimon says: this is not an <i>olah</i>. “I will be a Nazirite” - he must shave in the Temple. And if he shaved in the Temple of Onias he has not fulfilled his obligation. "[I will be a Nazirite on the condition] that I will shave in the Temple of Onias” - he must shave in the Temple, but if he shaved in the Temple of Onias he has fulfilled his obligation. Rabbi Shimon says: this one is not a Nazirite. The priests who served in the Temple of Onias may not serve in the Temple in Jerusalem; and needless to say [this is so of priests who served] something else [a euphemism for idolatry]; for it is said, “The priests of the shrines, however, did not ascend the altar of the Lord in Jerusalem. But they did eat unleavened bread along with their kinsmen” (II Kings 23:9). Thus they are like those that had a blemish: they are entitled to share and eat [of the holy things] but they are not permitted to offer sacrifices.

נֶאֱמַר בְּעוֹלַת הַבְּהֵמָה אִשֵּׁה רֵיחַ נִיחֹחַ (ויקרא א), וּבְעוֹלַת הָעוֹף אִשֵּׁה רֵיחַ נִיחֹחַ (שם), וּבַמִּנְחָה אִשֵּׁה רֵיחַ נִיחֹחַ (שם ב), לְלַמֵּד, שֶׁאֶחָד הַמַּרְבֶּה וְאֶחָד הַמַּמְעִיט, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁיְּכַוֵּן אָדָם אֶת דַּעְתּוֹ לַשָּׁמָיִם:

It is said of the <i>olah</i> of cattle, “An offering made by fire of pleasing odor” (Leviticus 1:9); and of the <i>olah</i> of birds, “An offering made by fire of pleasing odor (vs. 17); and of the grain offering, “An offering made by fire of pleasing odor” (Leviticus 2:2): to teach you that it is the same whether one offers much or little, so long as one directs one’s heart to heaven.