Kilayim 3

עֲרוּגָה שֶׁהִיא שִׁשָּׁה טְפָחִים עַל שִׁשָּׁה טְפָחִים, זוֹרְעִים בְּתוֹכָהּ חֲמִשָּׁה זֵרְעוֹנִים, אַרְבָּעָה בְּאַרְבַּע רוּחוֹת הָעֲרוּגָה, וְאֶחָד בָּאֶמְצַע. הָיָה לָהּ גְּבוּל גָּבוֹהַּ טֶפַח, זוֹרְעִין בְּתוֹכָהּ שְׁלֹשָׁה עָשָׂר, שְׁלֹשָׁה עַל כָּל גְּבוּל וּגְבוּל, וְאֶחָד בָּאֶמְצַע. לֹא יִטַּע רֹאשׁ הַלֶּפֶת בְּתוֹךְ הַגְּבוּל, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא מְמַלְאֵהוּ. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, שִׁשָּׁה בָּאֶמְצַע:

A garden bed that is six handbreadths by six handbreadths, one may sow five different kinds of seed within it, namely, four [species] one on [each of] the four sides of the bed, and one in the center [leaving the corners, one handbreadth by one handbreadth empty]. If it [the bed] has a border [on all four sides] one handbreadth high [and one handbreadth wide, thus the bed measures 8 x 8] thirteen different species may be sown in it; three on each border and one in the middle. One may not plant turnip heads in the border as they will fill it up [and it appears all intermingle]. Rabbi Yehudah says, six different species [may be sown] in the middle [for a total eighteen species].

כָּל מִין זְרָעִים אֵין זוֹרְעִים בַּעֲרוּגָה, וְכָל מִין יְרָקוֹת זוֹרְעִין בַּעֲרוּגָה. חַרְדָּל וַאֲפוּנִים הַשּׁוּפִין, מִין זְרָעִים. אֲפוּנִים הַגַּמְלָנִים, מִין יָרָק. גְּבוּל שֶׁהָיָה גָבוֹהַּ טֶפַח וְנִתְמַעֵט, כָּשֵׁר, שֶׁהָיָה כָשֵׁר מִתְּחִלָּתוֹ. הַתֶּלֶם וְאַמַּת הַמַּיִם שֶׁהֵם עֲמֻקִּים טֶפַח, זוֹרְעִים לְתוֹכָן שְׁלֹשָׁה זֵרְעוֹנִין, אֶחָד מִכָּאן, וְאֶחָד מִכָּאן, וְאֶחָד בָּאֶמְצַע:

It is forbidded to sow [different] species [of seeds that are normally grown in large fields] in one bed, but [diffrent] species of herbs may be sown in one bed. Mustard and small peas are [considered] seeds, [while] large peas are [considered] herbs. [If] a border [around a bed] that had been one handbreadth high was lowered, it remains valid, because it was originally valid. A furrow or a [dried up] water channel that are one handbreadth deep, one may sow three [different] species of seeds, one [species] on one side, and one [species] on the other side and one in the middle.

הָיָה רֹאשׁ תּוֹר יָרָק נִכְנָס לְתוֹךְ שְׂדֵה יָרָק אַחֵר, מֻתָּר, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא נִרְאֶה כְּסוֹף שָׂדֵהוּ. הָיְתָה שָׂדֵהוּ זָרוּעַ יָרָק, וְהוּא מְבַקֵּשׁ לִטַּע בְּתוֹכוֹ שׁוּרָה שֶׁל יָרָק אַחֵר, רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל אוֹמֵר, עַד שֶׁיְּהֵא הַתֶּלֶם מְפֻלָּשׁ מֵרֹאשׁ הַשָּׂדֶה וְעַד רֹאשׁוֹ. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, אֹרֶךְ שִׁשָּׁה טְפָחִים וְרֹחַב מְלֹאוֹ. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, רֹחַב כִּמְלֹא רֹחַב הַפַּרְסָה:

If a triangular corner point of herbs enters into a field of a different herb it is permitted [it is not considered <i>kilayim</i>], because it is obvious that it is the end of the field. If the field was sown with [one species of] herbs and he wishes to plant in it one row of different herbs, Rabbi Yishmael says, [he may do so] providing that the furrow is open [runs through] from one end of the field to the other. Rabbi Akivah says, the length [of the furrow] must be six handbreadths and the width must be its fullsize [six handbreadths]. Rabbi Yehudah says, [the furrow must be] the width of a full footstep [one handbreadth].

הַנּוֹטֵעַ שְׁתֵּי שׁוּרוֹת שֶׁל קִשּׁוּאִין, שְׁתֵּי שׁוּרוֹת שֶׁל דְּלוּעִים, שְׁתֵּי שׁוּרוֹת שֶׁל פּוֹל הַמִּצְרִי, מֻתָּר. שׁוּרָה שֶׁל קִשּׁוּאִים, שׁוּרָה שֶׁל דְּלוּעִים, שׁוּרָה שֶׁל פּוֹל הַמִּצְרִי, אָסוּר. שׁוּרָה שֶׁל קִשּׁוּאִים, שׁוּרָה שֶׁל דְּלוּעִים, שׁוּרָה שֶׁל פּוֹל הַמִּצְרִי, וְשׁוּרָה שֶׁל קִשּׁוּאִים, רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר מַתִּיר, וַחֲכָמִים אוֹסְרִין:

If one plants two rows of cucumbers, two rows of gourds and two rows of Egyptian beans [with furrows separating between them], it is permitted [because they are discernable]. [However, if he planted] one row of cucumbers, one row of gourds and one row of Egyptian beans, they are prohibited [they appear to have been planted together]. [If he planted] one row of cucumbers, one row of gourds and one of Egyptian beans, and [then ] a row of cucumbers, Rabbi Eliezer permits, and the Sages prohibit.

נוֹטֵעַ אָדָם קִשּׁוּת וּדְלַעַת לְתוֹךְ גֻּמָּא אַחַת, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁתְּהֵא זוֹ נוֹטָה לְצַד זֶה, וְזוֹ נוֹטָה לְצַד זֶה, וְנוֹטֶה שֵׂעָר שֶׁל זוֹ לְכָאן, וְשֵׂעָר שֶׁל זוֹ לְכָאן. שֶׁכָּל מַה שֶּׁאָסְרוּ חֲכָמִים, לֹא גָזְרוּ אֶלָּא מִפְּנֵי מַרְאִית הָעָיִן:

A man may plants cucumbers and gourds in the same hole, provided that this one leans towards this side [of the hole] and this one leans towards the other side, and the foliage of this one leans to this side and the foliage of this one leans to the other side, because whatever the Sages prohibited [in this case <i>kilayim</i>], they have decreed only for the sake of appearances.

הָיְתָה שָׂדֵהוּ זָרוּעַ בְצָלִים, וּמְבַקֵּשׁ לִטַּע בְּתוֹכָהּ שׁוּרוֹת שֶׁל דְּלוּעִים, רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל אוֹמֵר, עוֹקֵר שְׁתֵּי שׁוּרוֹת וְנוֹטֵעַ שׁוּרָה אַחַת, וּמַנִּיחַ קָמַת בְּצָלִים בִּמְקוֹם שְׁתֵּי שׁוּרוֹת, וְעוֹקֵר שְׁתֵּי שׁוּרוֹת וְנוֹטֵעַ שׁוּרָה אֶחָת. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, עוֹקֵר שְׁתֵּי שׁוּרוֹת וְנוֹטֵעַ שְׁתֵּי שׁוּרוֹת, וּמַנִּיחַ קָמַת בְּצָלִים בִּמְקוֹם שְׁתֵּי שׁוּרוֹת, וְעוֹקֵר שְׁתֵּי שׁוּרוֹת וְנוֹטֵעַ שְׁתֵּי שׁוּרוֹת. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, אִם אֵין בֵּין שׁוּרָה לַחֲבֶרְתָּהּ שְׁתֵּים עֶשְׂרֵה אַמָּה, לֹא יְקַיֵּם אֶת הַזֶּרַע שֶׁל בֵּינְתָיִם:

If his field was sown with onions and he wishes to plant in it rows of gourds, Rabbi Yishmael says, he must uproot two rows [of onions; a row is four cubits, so a total of eight cubits is made empty] and plant one row [four cubits of gourds in the middle; so two cubits on each side remain empty], he [then] leaves the standing crop of onions over a space of two rows [eight cubits wide] and uproots two rows [of onions] and plants one row [of gourds]. Rabbi Akivah says, he must uproot two rows [of onions] and plant two rows [of gourds], he [then] leaves the standing crop of onions over a space of two rows and uproots two rows [of onions] and plant two rows [of gourds]. The Sages say, If there is not between one row [of gourds] and the next twelve cubits, he may not maintain the seeds [of onions] between them.

דְּלַעַת בְּיָרָק, כְּיָרָק. וּבִתְבוּאָה, נוֹתְנִין לָהּ בֵּית רֹבַע. הָיְתָה שָׂדֵהוּ זְרוּעָה תְבוּאָה, וּבִקֵּשׁ לִטַּע לְתוֹכָהּ שׁוּרָה שֶׁל דְּלוּעִין, נוֹתְנִין לָהּ לַעֲבוֹדָתָהּ שִׁשָּׁה טְפָחִים. וְאִם הִגְדִּילָה, יַעֲקֹר מִלְּפָנֶיהָ. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, נוֹתְנִין לָהּ עֲבוֹדָתָהּ אַרְבַּע אַמּוֹת. אָמְרוּ לוֹ, הֲתַחְמִיר זוֹ מִן הַגָּפֶן. אָמַר לָהֶן, מָצִינוּ שֶׁזּוֹ חֲמוּרָה מִן הַגֶּפֶן, שֶׁלְּגֶפֶן יְחִידִית נוֹתְנִין לָהּ עֲבוֹדָתָהּ שִׁשָּׁה טְפָחִים, וְלִדְלַעַת יְחִידִית נוֹתְנִין לָהּ בֵּית רֹבַע. רַבִּי מֵאִיר אוֹמֵר מִשּׁוּם רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל, כָּל שְׁלֹשָׁה דְלוּעִין לְבֵית סְאָה, לֹא יָבִיא זֶרַע לְתוֹךְ בֵּית סְאָה. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי בֶּן הַחוֹטֵף אֶפְרָתִי אָמַר מִשּׁוּם רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל, כָּל שְׁלֹשָׁה דְלוּעִין לְבֵית כּוֹר, לֹא יָבִיא זֶרַע לְתוֹךְ בֵּית כּוֹר:

A gourd [planted in a field of herbs] is [treated] as herbs [it is subject to the rules of herbs and requires a separation of six handbreadths], and is given a <i>beit rova</i>. If his field was sown with grain, and he wishes to plant in it one row of gourds, we give it for its work space [for tillage] a space of six handbreadths. If it grew [spread into the six handbtbreadth area] he must uproot in front of it. Rabbi Yose says, we give it for its work space [for tillage] four cubits. The [Sages] said to him, Why do you apply more stringent rules to this [gourds] than to a vine? Rabbi Yose said to them [the Sages], We indeed find that this is treated more stringently than a vine, [since] for a single vine we allow six handbreaths for its work space [for tillage] , and for a single gourd we give it a <i>beit rova</i> [for its tillage]. Rabbi Meir in the name of Rabbi Yishmael said, If there are three gourds in an area of a <i>beit se'ah</i> he may not bring [sow] any other [species of] seed into the <i>beit se'ah</i>. Rabbi Yose ben Ha'Hoteph Efrati said in the name of Rabbi Yishmael, If there are three gourds in an area of a <i>beit kor</i>, he may not bring [sow] any other [species of] seed into the <i>beit kor</i>.