Kelim 2

כְּלֵי עֵץ, וּכְלֵי עוֹר, וּכְלֵי עֶצֶם, וּכְלֵי זְכוּכִית, פְּשׁוּטֵיהֶן טְהוֹרִים, וּמְקַבְּלֵיהֶן טְמֵאִים. נִשְׁבְּרוּ, טָהָרוּ. חָזַר וְעָשָׂה מֵהֶם כֵּלִים, מְקַבְּלִין טֻמְאָה מִכָּאן וּלְהַבָּא. כְּלֵי חֶרֶס וּכְלֵי נֶתֶר, טֻמְאָתָן שָׁוָה. מִטַּמְּאִין וּמְטַמְּאִין בַּאֲוִיר, וּמִטַּמְּאִין מֵאֲחוֹרֵיהֶן, וְאֵינָן מִטַּמְּאִין מִגַּבֵּיהֶן, וּשְׁבִירָתָן הִיא טָהֳרָתָן:

Utensils of wood, leather, bone, or glass that are flat are not susceptible to ritual impurity. If they form a receptacle they are susceptible. If they are broken, they become pure. If one then made utensils from them, they are subject to ritual impurity from then on. Earthenware vessels and vessels of alum-crystal are alike in matters of ritual impurity: they contract impurity and convey impurity through their air-space, and they contract impurity from what touches their bottoms but not from what touches their outer sides; and when they are broken they become pure.

הַדַּקִּין שֶׁבִּכְלֵי חֶרֶס, וְקַרְקְרוֹתֵיהֶן, וְדָפְנוֹתֵיהֶן יוֹשְׁבִין שֶׁלֹּא מְסֻמָּכִין, שִׁעוּרָן, מִכְּדֵי סִיכַת קָטָן וְעַד לֹג. מִלֹּג וְעַד סְאָה, בִּרְבִיעִית. מִסְּאָה וְעַד סָאתַיִם, בַּחֲצִי לֹג. מִסָּאתַיִם וְעַד שָׁלֹשׁ וְעַד חָמֵשׁ סְאִין, בְּלֹג, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יִשְׁמָעֵאל. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, אֲנִי אֵינִי נוֹתֵן בָּהֶן מִדָּה, אֶלָּא, הַדַּקִּין שֶׁבִּכְלֵי חֶרֶס, וְקַרְקְרוֹתֵיהֶן, וְדָפְנוֹתֵיהֶן יוֹשְׁבִין שֶׁלֹּא מְסֻמָּכִין, שִׁעוּרָן מִכְּדֵי סִיכַת קָטָן וְעַד קְדֵרוֹת הַדַּקּוֹת. מֵהַקְּדֵרוֹת הַדַּקּוֹת וְעַד חָבִיּוֹת לוּדִיּוֹת, בִּרְבִיעִית. מִלּוּדִיּוֹת וְעַד לַחְמִיּוֹת, בַּחֲצִי לֹג. מִלַּחְמִיּוֹת וְעַד חֲצָבִים גְּדוֹלִים, בְּלֹג. רַבָּן יוֹחָנָן בֶּן זַכַּאי אוֹמֵר, חֲצָבִים גְּדוֹלִים, שִׁעוּרָן בִּשְׁנֵי לֻגִּין. הַפַּכִּים הַגְּלִילִים וְהֶחָבִיּוֹנוֹת, שִׁעוּר קַרְקְרוֹתֵיהֶן כָּל שֶׁהֵן, וְאֵין לָהֶם דְּפָנוֹת:

Small earthenware vessels, and bottoms and sides that can stand without support, [can become ritually impure] if their size is enough to hold oil to anoint a small child, up to a <em>log</em>. From a <em>log</em> to a <em>seah</em>, [they can contract ritual impurity if they can still hold] a <em>revi'it</em> [quarter of a <em>log</em>. From a <em>seah</em> to two <em>se'in</em>, [if they can still hold] half a <em>log</em>. From two <em>se'in</em> to three, and up to five <em>se'in</em>, [if they can still hold] a <em>log</em>: the words of Rabbi Yishmael. Rabbi Akiva says: I would not prescribe any measure for the vessels; small earthenware vessels, and bottoms and sides that can stand without support, the size [at which they can contract ritual impurity] from a size large enough [to hold oil] to anoint a small child up to a small cooking pot. From small cooking pots to Lydda jars, [they can contract ritual impurity if they can still hold] a <em>revi'it</em>; from Lydda jars to Bethlehem jars, a half-<em>log</em>; from Bethlem jars to large storage jars, [if they can still hold] one <em>log</em>. Rabban Yochanan ben Zakkai says: The measure for large storage jars is two <em>login</em>; for the bottoms of Galilean flasks and small vessels, any amount; but their sides are not [susceptible to impurity].

הַטְּהוֹרִין שֶׁבִּכְלֵי חֶרֶס, טַבְלָה שֶׁאֵין לָהּ לִזְבֵּז, וּמַחְתָּה פְרוּצָה, וְאַבּוּב שֶׁל קַלָּאִין, וְסִילוֹנוֹת, אַף עַל פִּי כְפוּפִין אַף עַל פִּי מְקַבְּלִין, וְכַבְכָּב שֶׁעֲשָׂאוֹ לְסַל הַפַּת, וּטְפִי שֶׁהִתְקִינוֹ לָעֲנָבִים, וְחָבִית שֶׁל שַׁיָּטִין, וְחָבִית דְּפוּנָה בְשׁוּלֵי הַמַּחַץ, וְהַמִּטָּה, וְהַכִּסֵּא, וְהַסַּפְסָל, וְהַשֻּׁלְחָן, וְהַסְּפִינָה, וְהַמְּנוֹרָה שֶׁל חֶרֶס, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ טְהוֹרִים. זֶה הַכְּלָל, כֹּל שֶׁאֵין לוֹ תוֹךְ בִּכְלֵי חֶרֶס, אֵין לוֹ אֲחוֹרָיִם:

Among earthenware utensils, these are not susceptible to ritual impurity: a tray without a rim, a breached fire-pan, a tube for parched corn, gutter spouts, even if they are bent or even if they retain [water], a clay lid that is used as a bread basket, a pitcher made to be used for grapes, a jar for swimmers, a jar let into the sides of a ladling-jar, a bed, a stool, a bench, a table, a ship, an earthenware lampstand; these are not susceptible ritual impurity. This is the rule: Any earthenware vessel that does not have an inside cannot contract impurity from its outside.

פַּנָּס שֶׁיֶּשׁ בּוֹ בֵית קִבּוּל שֶׁמֶן, טָמֵא. וְשֶׁאֵין בּוֹ, טָהוֹר. מְגוּפַת הַיּוֹצְרִין שֶׁהוּא פוֹתֵחַ בָּהּ, טְהוֹרָה. וְשֶׁהוּא גוֹמֵר בָּהּ, טְמֵאָה. מַשְׁפֵּךְ שֶׁל בַּעֲלֵי בָתִּים, טָהוֹר. וְשֶׁל רוֹכְלִין, טָמֵא, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא שֶׁל מִדָּה, דִּבְרֵי רַבִּי יְהוּדָה בֶן בְּתֵירָא. רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא אוֹמֵר, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא מַטֵּהוּ עַל צִדּוֹ וּמֵרִיחַ בּוֹ לַלּוֹקֵחַ:

If a lantern [of earthenware] has a reservoir for oil it is susceptible to impurity; if it has not, it is not susceptible. A potter's mold with which he begins [to shape the clay] is not susceptible to impurity; but that with which he finishes it is susceptible. A funnel belonging to householders is not susceptible to impurity, but one that belongs to peddlers is susceptible, since it serves also as a measure: the words of Rabbi Yehudah ben Beteira. But Rabbi Akiva says: because he lays it on its side to let the buyer smell it.

כִּסּוּי כַּדֵּי יַיִן וְכַדֵּי שֶׁמֶן, וְכִסּוּי חָבִיוֹת נְיָרוֹת, טְהוֹרִין. וְאִם הִתְקִינוֹ לְתַשְׁמִישׁ, טְמֵאִים. כְּסוּי הַלְּפָס, בִּזְמַן שֶׁהוּא נָקוּב וְיֶשׁ לוֹ חִדּוּד, טָהוֹר. אִם אֵינוֹ נָקוּב וְאֵין לוֹ חִדּוּד, טָמֵא, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהִיא מְסַנֶּנֶת לְתוֹכוֹ אֶת הַיָּרָק. רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בַּר צָדוֹק אוֹמֵר, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהִיא הוֹפֶכֶת עָלָיו אֶת הָרוּנְקִי:

The covers of wine-jars and oil-jars and the cover of papyrus jars are not susceptible to impurity, but if they were adapted for another use they are susceptible. If the cover of a stew pot has a hole in it or if it has a pointed top, it is not susceptible to uncleanness; if there is no hole in it or it has not a pointed top, it is susceptible, because she drains the vegetables into it. Rabbi Eliezer ben Zadok says: Because she turns out the contents on to it.

גִּסְטְרָא שֶׁנִּמְצֵאת בַּכִּבְשָׁן, עַד שֶׁלֹּא נִגְמְרָה מְלַאכְתָּהּ, טְהוֹרָה. מִשֶּׁנִּגְמְרָה מְלַאכְתָּהּ, טְמֵאָה. טִיטְרוֹס, רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בַּר צָדוֹק מְטַהֵר. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי מְטַמֵּא, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁהוּא כְמוֹצִיא פְרוּטוֹת:

If a defective jar was found in the furnace before its manufacture was complete it is not susceptible to ritual impurity; but after its completion, it is susceptible. A sprinkler Rabbi Eliezer ben Zadok declares insusceptible to impurity, but Rabbi Yose declares it susceptible because it only lets the liquid out in drops.

הַטְּמֵאִין שֶׁבִּכְלֵי חֶרֶס, טַבְלָה שֶׁיֶּשׁ לָהּ לִזְבֵּז, וּמַחְתָּה שְׁלֵמָה, וְטַבְלָה שֶׁהִיא מְלֵאָה קְעָרוֹת. נִטְמֵאת אַחַת מֵהֶם בְּשֶׁרֶץ, לֹא נִטְמְאוּ כֻלָּם. אִם יֶשׁ לָהּ לִזְבֵּז עוֹדֵף, נִטְמְאָה אַחַת מֵהֶם, נִטְמְאוּ כֻלָּן. וְכֵן בֵּית תְּבָלִין שֶׁל חֶרֶס, וְקַלְמָרִים הַמְּתֹאָמוֹת. וּבֵית תְּבָלִין שֶׁל עֵץ, שֶׁנִּטְמָא אֶחָד בְּמַשְׁקֶה, לֹא נִטְמָא חֲבֵרוֹ. רַבִּי יוֹחָנָן בֶּן נוּרִי אוֹמֵר, חוֹלְקִין אֶת עָבְיוֹ. הַמְשַׁמֵּשׁ לַטָּמֵא, טָמֵא. הַמְשַׁמֵּשׁ לַטָּהוֹר, טָהוֹר. אִם יֶשׁ לוֹ לִזְבֵּז עוֹדֵף, נִטְמָא אַחַד מֵהֶם, נִטְמָא חֲבֵרוֹ:

Among earthenware vessels these are susceptible to ritual impurity: a tray with a rim, an unbroken firepan, and a tray that is made up of several dishes. If one of them was rendered impure by a <em>sheretz</em> [one of several creeping creatures], they are not all rendered impure; but if the tray had a rim that was higher [than the component dishes], and one dish was rendered impure, all become impure. So too, with an earthenware spice-pot, or a double inkstand. But if one part in a wooden spice-pot is rendered unclean by a liquid, the other is not rendered unclean. Rabbi Yochanan ben Nuri says: they divide the thickness of the partition and the half that serves the impure part is considered impure, and the half that serves the pure part is considered pure. But if it had a higher rim, and one part was rendered impure, the other part becomes impure also.

הַלַּפִּיד, טָמֵא. וּבֵית שִׁקְעוֹ שֶׁל נֵר, מִטַּמֵּא בַאֲוִיר. הַמַּסְרֵק שֶׁל צַרְצוּר, רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר מְטַהֵר, וַחֲכָמִים מְטַמְּאִין:

A torch is susceptible to ritual impurity, and the reservoir of a lamp is susceptible to impurity from its air-space. The comb-shaped filter of a water-cooler Rabbi Eliezer declares insusceptible to impurity; but the Sages declare it susceptible.