Demai 4

הַלּוֹקֵחַ פֵּרוֹת מִמִּי שֶׁאֵינוֹ נֶאֱמָן עַל הַמַּעַשְׂרוֹת, וְשָׁכַח לְעַשְּׂרָן, וְשׁוֹאֲלוֹ בְשַׁבָּת, יֹאכַל עַל פִּיו. חָשְׁכָה מוֹצָאֵי שַׁבָּת, לֹא יֹאכַל עַד שֶׁיְּעַשֵּׂר. לֹא מְצָאוֹ, אָמַר לוֹ אֶחָד שֶׁאֵינוֹ נֶאֱמָן עַל הַמַּעַשְׂרוֹת, מְעֻשָּׂרִין הֵן, אוֹכֵל עַל פִּיו. חָשְׁכָה מוֹצָאֵי שַׁבָּת, לֹא יֹאכַל עַד שֶׁיְּעַשֵּׂר. תְּרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁל דְּמַאי שֶׁחָזְרָה לִמְקוֹמָהּ, רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן שְׁזוּרִי אוֹמֵר, אַף בְּחֹל שׁוֹאֲלוֹ וְאוֹכְלוֹ עַל פִּיו:

One who buys produce from one who is not trustworthy concerning tithing and forgot to tithe it; and asks him [the vendor] on Shabbat, may eat it by his [the vendor's] word. At nightfall at the conclusion of Shabbat, he may not eat until he has tithed [the produce]. If he did not find him [the vendor on Shabbat], [and] another individual who is not trustworthy concerning tithing says to him, "They are tithed," he can eat by his word. At nightfall at the conclusion of Sabbath, he may not eat until he has tithed. [In terms of the] <i>Terumat Ma'aser</i> [a portion of the tithes that is given to the priest] of <i>Demai</i> [produce from which it is uncertain if tithes were already taken] that returned to its place [was mixed back into the produce from which it was taken], Rabbi Shimon Shezuri says, "Even on a weekday, he asks him and eats by his [the vendor's] word."

הַמַּדִּיר אֶת חֲבֵרוֹ שֶׁיֹּאכַל אֶצְלוֹ, וְהוּא אֵינוֹ מַאֲמִינוֹ עַל הַמַּעַשְׂרוֹת, אוֹכֵל עִמּוֹ בַּשַּׁבָּת הָרִאשׁוֹנָה, וְאַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאֵינוֹ מַאֲמִינוֹ עַל הַמַּעַשְׂרוֹת, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁיֹּאמַר לוֹ מְעֻשָּׂרִין הֵן. וּבְשַׁבָּת שְׁנִיָּה, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁנָּדַר מִמֶּנּוּ הֲנָיָה, לֹא יֹאכַל עַד שֶׁיְּעַשֵּׂר:

He who imposes a vow on his friend that he eat with him and he [the friend] does not trust him regarding tithes; he [the friend] should eat with him on the first Shabbat, even though he does not trust him regarding tithes, but only if he [the host] will say to him, "They [the food] are tithed." On the second Shabbat, even if [the host] vowed [not to receive] benefit from him [if he does not eat], he may not eat until he has tithed.

רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר אוֹמֵר, אֵין אָדָם צָרִיךְ לִקְרוֹת שֵׁם לְמַעְשַׂר עָנִי שֶׁל דְּמַאי. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, קוֹרֵא שֵׁם וְאֵינוֹ צָרִיךְ לְהַפְרִישׁ:

Rabbi Eliezer says, "One does not need to designate the poor man's tithe of <i>Demai</i>." And the sages say, "He designates it, but doesn't need to separate it."

מִי שֶׁקָּרָא שֵׁם לִתְרוּמַת מַעֲשֵׂר שֶׁל דְּמַאי וּלְמַעְשַׂר עָנִי שֶׁל וַדַּאי, לֹא יִטְּלֵם בְּשַׁבָּת. וְאִם הָיָה כֹהֵן אוֹ עָנִי לְמוּדִים לֶאֱכֹל אֶצְלוֹ, יָבֹאוּ וְיֹאכְלוּ, וּבִלְבַד שֶׁיּוֹדִיעֵם:

If one designated the <i>Terumat Ma'aser</i> of <i>Demai</i> or the poor man's tithe of produce that has certainly not been tithed, he should not separate them [to give to a priest or poor person] on Shabbat. If a priest or a poor person was in the habit of eating at his home, they can come and eat as long as he informs them.

הָאוֹמֵר לְמִי שֶׁאֵינוֹ נֶאֱמָן עַל הַמַּעַשְׂרוֹת, קַח לִי מִמִּי שֶׁהוּא נֶאֱמָן וּמִמִּי שֶׁהוּא מְעַשֵּׂר, אֵינוֹ נֶאֱמָן. מֵאִישׁ פְּלוֹנִי, הֲרֵי זֶה נֶאֱמָן. הָלַךְ לִקַּח מִמֶּנּוּ, וְאָמַר לוֹ לֹא מְצָאתִיו וְלָקַחְתִּי לְךָ מֵאַחֵר שֶׁהוּא נֶאֱמָן, אֵינוֹ נֶאֱמָן:

If one says to someone who is not trustworthy regarding tithes, "Buy [produce] for me from one who is trusted or from one who tithes," he [the messenger] is not trusted. [If one says,] "From so-and-so person," this [the messenger] is trusted. If he went to buy from him [the specified person], but said to him [the sender], "I could not find him and I bought for you from someone else who is trusted," he [the messenger] is not trusted.

הַנִּכְנָס לְעִיר וְאֵינוֹ מַכִּיר אָדָם שָׁם, אָמַר, מִי כָּאן נֶאֱמָן. מִי כָּאן מְעַשֵּׂר. אָמַר לוֹ אֶחָד, אֲנִי, אֵינוֹ נֶאֱמָן. אָמַר לוֹ, אִישׁ פְּלוֹנִי נֶאֱמָן, הֲרֵי זֶה נֶאֱמָן. הָלַךְ לִקַּח מִמֶּנּוּ, אָמַר לוֹ, מִי כָּאן מוֹכֵר יָשָׁן. אָמַר לוֹ, מִי שֶׁשְּׁלָחֲךָ אֶצְלִי, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁהֵן כְּגוֹמְלִין זֶה אֶת זֶה, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ נֶאֱמָנִין:

If one enters a city and doesn't know any person there, he says, "Who here is trustworthy? Who here tithes?" If a person replies "I am," he is not trusted. If he said, "so-and-so person is trustworthy," he is trusted. If he goes to buy from him and says to him, "Who here sells <i>Yashan</i> [grain from the previous year that one is permitted to eat]?" If he replies, "The person that sent you to me", even though it is as if they are rendering services to each other, they are trusted.

הַחַמָּרִים שֶׁנִּכְנְסוּ לְעִיר, אָמַר אֶחָד, שֶׁלִּי חָדָשׁ וְשֶׁל חֲבֵרִי יָשָׁן, שֶׁלִּי אֵינוֹ מְתֻקָּן וְשֶׁל חֲבֵרִי מְתֻקָּן, אֵינָן נֶאֱמָנִין. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, נֶאֱמָנִין:

If donkey drivers entered a city, and one said, "My [produce] is <i>Chadash</i> [grain from the current year that one is forbidden to eat] and my fellow's is <i>Yashan</i>," [or] "Mine has not been fixed [i.e., tithed] and my fellow's has been fixed"--they are not trusted. Rabbi Yehudah says: they are trusted.