Demai 3

Chapter 3

אמַאֲכִילִיןMaakhilinאֶתEtהָעֲנִיִּיםHaaniyyimדְּמַאי,Demay,וְאֶתVeetהָאַכְסַנְיָאHaakhsanyaדְּמַאי.Demay.רַבָּןRabbanגַּמְלִיאֵלGamlieilהָיָהHayaמַאֲכִילMaakhilאֶתEtפּוֹעֲלָיוPoalavדְּמַאי.Demay.גַּבָּאֵיGabbaeiצְדָקָה,Tsedaka,בֵּיתBeitשַׁמַּאיShammayאוֹמְרִים,Omerim,נוֹתְנִיןNoteninאֶתEtהַמְעֻשָּׂרHameussarלְשֶׁאֵינוֹLesheeinoמְעַשֵּׂר,Measseir,וְאֶתVeetשֶׁאֵינוֹSheeinoמְעֻשָּׂרMeussarלִמְעַשֵּׂר.Limasseir.נִמְצְאוּNimtseuכָלKholהָאָדָםHaadamאוֹכְלִיןOkhelinמְתֻקָּן.Metukkan.וַחֲכָמִיםVakhakhamimאוֹמְרִים,Omerim,גּוֹבִיןGovinסְתָםSetamוּמְחַלְּקִיןUmekhallekinסְתָם,Setam,וְהָרוֹצֶהVeharotsehלְתַקֵּןLetakkeinיְתַקֵּן:Yetakkein:

1One may feed poor people Demai [produce from which it is uncertain if tithes were already taken], and the guest Demai. Rabban Gamliel would feed his employees Demai. Concerning charity collectors, the school of Shammai say that one gives tithed produce to those who do not tithe and untithed produce to those who do tithe: this way, everybody eats fixed [tithed] produce. The sages say, one simply takes and simply distributes, and he who wants to fix will fix.

בהָרוֹצֶהHarotsehלַחֲזֹםLakhazomעֲלֵיAleiיָרָקYarakלְהָקֵלLehakeilמִמַּשָּׂאוֹ,Mimmassao,לֹאLoיַשְׁלִיךְYashlikhעַדAdשֶׁיְּעַשֵּׂר.Sheyyeasseir.הַלּוֹקֵחַHallokeiakhיָרָקYarakמִןMinהַשּׁוּקHashshukוְנִמְלַךְVenimlakhלְהַחֲזִיר,Lehakhazir,לֹאLoיַחֲזִירYakhazirעַדAdשֶׁיְּעַשֵּׂר,Sheyyeasseir,שֶׁאֵינוֹSheeinoמְחֻסָּרMekhussarאֶלָּאEllaמִנְיָן.Minyan.הָיָהHayaעוֹמֵדOmeidוְלוֹקֵחַVelokeiakhוְרָאָהVeraaטֹעַןToanאַחֵרAkheirיָפֶהYafehמִמֶּנּוּ,Mimmennu,מֻתָּרMuttarלְהַחֲזִיר,Lehakhazir,מִפְּנֵיMippeneiשֶׁלֹּאShelloמָשָׁךְ:Mashakh:

2One who desires to trim leaves of vegetables in order to lighten his burden should not discard [the leaves] until he has tithed them. If one buys vegetables from the market and then decides to return them, he should not return them until he has tithed them, since they [the bundles] lack nothing but counting. However, if he is standing and selecting [the vegetables] and then sees another bundle that is of better quality he may put return them [without tithing] because he has not yet grasped them [in a manner of acquisition].

גהַמּוֹצֵאHammotseiפֵרוֹתFeirotבַּדֶּרֶךְBadderekhוּנְטָלָןUnetalanלְאָכְלָן,Leokhlan,וְנִמְלַךְVenimlakhלְהַצְנִיעַ,Lehatsnia,לֹאLoיַצְנִיעַYatsniaעַדAdשֶׁיְּעַשֵּׂר.Sheyyeasseir.וְאִםVeimמִתְּחִלָּהMittekhillaנְטָלָןNetalanבִּשְׁבִילBishvilשֶׁלֹּאShelloיֹאבֵדוּ,Yoveidu,פָּטוּר.Patur.כָּלKolדָּבָרDavarשֶׁאֵיןSheeinאָדָםAdamרַשַּׁאיRashshayלְמָכְרוֹLemakheroדְּמַאי,Demay,לֹאLoיִשְׁלַחYishlakhלַחֲבֵרוֹLakhaveiroדְּמַאי.Demay.רַבִּיRabbiיוֹסֵיYoseiמַתִּירMattirבְּוַדַּאי,Bevadday,וּבִלְבַדUvilvadשֶׁיּוֹדִיעֶנּוּ:Sheyyodiennu:

3Someone who finds produce on the road, and takes them to eat them, but then decides to hide them, should not hide them until he tithes them. If from the start he took them [the produce] so that they should not spoil, they are exempt. Anything which a person is not permitted to sell when it is Demai should also not be sent to a friend when it is Demai. Rabbi Yossi allows this [in a case of] certainly [untithed produce], as long as he informs him.

דהַמּוֹלִיךְHammolikhחִטִּיםKhittimלְטוֹחֵןLetokheinכּוּתִיKutiאוֹOלְטוֹחֵןLetokheinעַםAmהָאָרֶץ,Haarets,בְּחֶזְקָתָןBekhezkatanלַמַּעַשְׂרוֹתLammaasrotוְלַשְּׁבִיעִית.Velashsheviit.לְטוֹחֵןLetokheinעוֹבֵדOveidכּוֹכָבִים,Kokhavim,דְּמַאי.Demay.הַמַּפְקִידHammafkidפֵּרוֹתָיוPeirotavאֵצֶלEitselהַכּוּתִיHakkutiאוֹOאֵצֶלEitselעַםAmהָאָרֶץ,Haarets,בְּחֶזְקָתָןBekhezkatanלַמַּעַשְׂרוֹתLammaasrotוְלַשְּׁבִיעִית.Velashsheviit.אֵצֶלEitselהָעוֹבֵדHaoveidכּוֹכָבִים,Kokhavim,כְּפֵרוֹתָיו.Kefeirotav.רַבִּיRabbiשִׁמְעוֹןShimonאוֹמֵר,Omeir,דְּמָאי:Demay:

4One who brings his [tithed and non-Sabbatical year] wheat to a Cuthite miller or an Am HaAretz [one who is lax in observing tithes and purity laws] miller, it [the wheat] retains its presumptive status for tithes and for the Sabbatical year; to a non-Jewish miller, [the wheat is considered to be] Demai. One who leaves his [tithed] produce in the keeping of a Cuthite or an Am HaAretz, it [the produce] retains its presumptive status for tithes and for the Sabbatical year; in the keeping of a non-Jew, it is like his [the non-Jew's] produce. Rabbi Shimon says, "[It is] Demai."

ההַנּוֹתֵןHannoteinלְפֻנְדָּקִית,Lefundakit,מְעַשֵּׂרMeasseirאֶתEtשֶׁהוּאShehuנוֹתֵןNoteinלָהּ,Lah,וְאֶתVeetשֶׁהוּאShehuנוֹטֵלNoteilמִמֶּנָּה,Mimmenna,מִפְּנֵיMippeneiשֶׁחֲשׁוּדָהShekhashudaלַחֲלֹף.Lakhalof.אָמַרAmarרַבִּיRabbiיוֹסֵי,Yosei,אֵיןEinאָנוּAnuאַחֲרָאִיןAkharainלָרַמָּאִין,Larammain,אֵינוֹEinoמְעַשֵּׂרMeasseirאֶלָּאEllaמַהMahשֶּׁהוּאShehuנוֹטֵלNoteilמִמֶּנָּהMimmennaבִּלְבָד:Bilvad:

5One who gives [his tithed produce] to an innkeeper [so that she can prepare it for him] must tithe from what he gives to her and from what he receives [back] from her because she is suspected of exchanging [her Demai for his tithed produce]. Said Rabbi Yossi, "We are not responsible for deceivers; he does not tithe except for what he receives from her exclusively."

והַנּוֹתֵןHannoteinלַחֲמוֹתוֹ,Lakhamoto,מְעַשֵּׂרMeasseirאֶתEtשֶׁהוּאShehuנוֹתֵןNoteinלָהּ,Lah,וְאֶתVeetשֶׁהוּאShehuנוֹטֵלNoteilמִמֶּנָּה,Mimmenna,מִפְּנֵיMippeneiשֶׁהִיאShehiחֲשׁוּדָהKhashudaלַחֲלֹףLakhalofאֶתEtהַמִּתְקַלְקֵל.Hammitkalkeil.אָמַרAmarרַבִּיRabbiיְהוּדָה,Yehuda,רוֹצָהRotsaהִיאHiבְתַקָּנַתVetakkanatבִּתָּהּBittahוּבוֹשָׁהUvoshaמֵחֲתָנָהּ.Meikhatanah.מוֹדֶהModehרַבִּיRabbiיְהוּדָהYehudaבְּנוֹתֵןBenoteinלַחֲמוֹתוֹLakhamotoשְׁבִיעִית,Sheviit,שֶׁאֵינָהּSheeinahחֲשׁוּדָהKhashudaלְהַחֲלִיףLehakhalifלְהַאֲכִילLehaakhilאֶתEtבִּתָּהּBittahשְׁבִיעִית:Sheviit:

6One who gives his [tithed produce] to his mother-in-law, must tithe from what he gives to her and from what he receives [back] from her because she is suspected of exchanging what is spoiled. Said Rabbi Yehudah, "She desires the well-being of her daughter and is ashamed before her son-in-law." Rabbi Yehudah acknowledges in [the instance of] giving Sabbatical produce to his mother-in-law, that she is not suspected [of exchanging] to feed her daughter Sabbatical year produce.

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