Demai 2

Chapter 2

אוְאֵלּוּVeeilluדְבָרִיםDevarimמִתְעַשְּׂרִיןMitasserinדְּמַאיDemayבְּכָלBekholמָקוֹם.Makom.הַדְּבֵלָה,Haddeveila,וְהַתְּמָרִים,Vehattemarim,וְהֶחָרוּבִים,Vehekharuvim,הָאֹרֶז,Haorez,וְהַכַּמּוֹן.Vehakkammon.הָאֹרֶזHaorezשֶׁבְּחוּצָהShebbekhutsaלָאָרֶץ,Laarets,כָּלKolהַמִּשְׁתַּמֵּשׁHammishtammeishמִמֶּנּוּMimmennuפָּטוּר:Patur:

1And these are the things to be tithed as Demai [produce from which it is uncertain if tithes were already taken] in every place: the pressed figs, and the dates, and the carobs, the rice, and the cumin. Rice grown outside the land [of Israel], anyone who uses it is exempt.

בהַמְקַבֵּלHamekabbeilעָלָיוAlavלִהְיוֹתLihyotנֶאֱמָן,Neeman,מְעַשֵּׂרMeasseirאֶתEtשֶׁהוּאShehuאוֹכֵל,Okheil,וְאֶתVeetשֶׁהוּאShehuמוֹכֵר,Mokheir,וְאֶתVeetשֶׁהוּאShehuלוֹקֵחַ,Lokeiakh,וְאֵינוֹVeeinoמִתְאָרֵחַMitareiakhאֵצֶלEitselעַםAmהָאָרֶץ.Haarets.רַבִּיRabbiיְהוּדָהYehudaאוֹמֵר,Omeir,אַףAfהַמִּתְאָרֵחַHammitareiakhאֵצֶלEitselעַםAmהָאָרֶץHaaretsנֶאֱמָן.Neeman.אָמְרוּAmeruלוֹ,Lo,עַלAlעַצְמוֹAtsmoאֵינוֹEinoנֶאֱמָן,Neeman,כֵּיצַדKeitsadיְהֵאYeheiנֶאֱמָןNeemanעַלAlשֶׁלShelאֲחֵרִים:Akheirim:

2One who takes it on himself to be trustworthy must tithe that which he eats, and that which he sells, and that which he buys, and he may not stay as a guest of an Am HaAretz [one who is lax in observing tithes and purity laws]. Rabbi Yehudah says, “Even if he is a guest of an Am HaAretz, he is trustworthy.” They said to him, “[If] for his own consumption he is not trustworthy, how can he be trustworthy with that which belongs to another?”

גהַמְקַבֵּלHamekabbeilעָלָיוAlavלִהְיוֹתLihyotחָבֵר,Khaveir,אֵינוֹEinoמוֹכֵרMokheirלְעַםLeamהָאָרֶץHaaretsלַחLakhוְיָבֵשׁ,Veyaveish,וְאֵינוֹVeeinoלוֹקֵחַLokeiakhמִמֶּנּוּMimmennuלַח,Lakh,וְאֵינוֹVeeinoמִתְאָרֵחMitareikhאֵצֶלEitselעַםAmהָאָרֶץ,Haarets,וְלֹאVeloמְאָרְחוֹMeorkhoאֶצְלוֹEtsloבִּכְסוּתוֹ.Bikhsuto.רַבִּיRabbiיְהוּדָהYehudaאוֹמֵר,Omeir,אַףAfלֹאLoיְגַדֵּלYegaddeilבְּהֵמָהBeheimaדַקָּה,Dakka,וְלֹאVeloיְהֵאYeheiפָרוּץFarutsבִּנְדָרִיםBindarimוּבִשְׂחוֹק,Uviskhok,וְלֹאVeloיְהֵאYeheiמִטַּמֵּאMittammeiלְמֵתִים,Lemeitim,וּמְשַׁמֵּשׁUmeshammeishבְּבֵיתBeveitהַמִּדְרָשׁ.Hammidrash.אָמְרוּAmeruלוֹ,Lo,לֹאLoבָאוּVauאֵלּוּEilluלַכְּלָל:Lakkelal:

3One who takes it upon himself to be a Chaver [one who scrupulously observes tithes and purity laws] may not sell to an ignorant person wet or dry [produce], nor buy from him wet [produce], nor be the guest of an Am HaAretz nor host him as a guest [when he is clothed] in his [own] garments. Rabbi Yehudah says, “He may not even raise small animals, nor be unrestrained regarding vows and entertainment, nor become defiled by [contact with] a corpse, and frequent the house of study.” They said to him, “These are not included in the general principle.”

דהַנַּחְתּוֹמִים,Hannakhtomim,לֹאLoחִיְּבוּKhiyyevuאוֹתָםOtamחֲכָמִיםKhakhamimלְהַפְרִישׁLehafrishאֶלָּאEllaכְדֵיKhedeiתְרוּמַתTerumatמַעֲשֵׂרMaaseirוְחַלָּה.Vekhalla.הַחֶנְוָנִיםHakhenvanimאֵינָןEinanרַשָּׁאִיןRashshainלִמְכֹּרLimkorאֶתEtהַדְּמַאי.Haddemay.כָּלKolהַמַּשְׁפִּיעִיןHammashpiinבְּמִדָּהBemiddaגַסָּה,Gassa,רַשָּׁאִיןRashshainלִמְכֹּרLimkorאֶתEtהַדְּמַאי.Haddemay.אֵלּוּEilluהֵןHeinהַמַּשְׁפִּיעִיןHammashpiinבְּמִדָּהBemiddaגַסָּה,Gassa,כְּגוֹןKegonהַסִּיטוֹנוֹתHassitonotוּמוֹכְרֵיUmokhereiתְבוּאָה:Tevua:

4The bakers are not obligated by the Sages to separate except for the amount of Terumat Ma'aser [a portion of the tithes that is given to the priest] and Challah [dough that must be set aside for the priest]. The shopkeepers are not permitted to sell Demai. All that handle large measurements are permitted to sell Demai. These are they which are handled in large measurements: wholesalers and sellers of grains.

הרַבִּיRabbiמֵאִירMeiirאוֹמֵר,Omeir,אֶתEtשֶׁדַּרְכּוֹSheddarkoלְהִמָּדֵדLehimmadeidבְּגַסָּהBegassaוּמְדָדוֹUmedadoבְדַקָּה,Vedakka,טְפֵלָהTefeilaדַקָּהDakkaלַגַּסָּה.Laggassa.אֶתEtשֶׁדַּרְכּוֹSheddarkoלְהִמָּדֵדLehimmadeidבְּדַקָּהBedakkaוּמָדַדUmadadבַּגַסָּה,Bagassa,טְפֵלָהTefeilaגַסָּהGassaלַדַּקָּה.Laddakka.אֵיזוֹEizoהִיאHiמִדָּהMiddaגַסָּה,Gassa,בְּיָבֵשׁ,Beyaveish,שְׁלשֶׁתShelshetקַבִּין,Kabbin,וּבְלַח,Uvelakh,דִּינָר.Dinar.רַבִּיRabbiיוֹסֵיYoseiאוֹמֵר,Omeir,סַלֵּיSalleiתְאֵנִיםTeeinimוְסַלֵּיVesalleiעֲנָבִיםAnavimוְקֻפּוֹתVekuppotשֶׁלShelיָרָק,Yarak,כָּלKolזְמַןZemanשֶׁהוּאShehuמוֹכְרָןMokheranאַכְסָרָה,Akhsara,פָּטוּר:Patur:

5Rabbi Meir says, “[In a case of] that which it is customary to measure in large amounts but was measured in small amounts, the small amounts are of secondary importance to the large amounts. [In a case of] that which it is customary to measure in small amounts, but was measured in large amounts, the large amount is of secondary importance to the small. Which is a large measurement? In dry [produce], three Kavin [specific unit of volume], and in wet [produce], a Dinar [specific unit of money].” Rabbi Yosi says, “Baskets of figs and baskets of grapes and a heap of greens, every time they are sold by approximation, they are exempt.”

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