Talmud for Yevamot 3:8

וְכֻלָּן שֶׁהָיוּ בָהֶן קִדּוּשִׁין אוֹ גֵרוּשִׁין בְּסָפֵק, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ צָרוֹת, חוֹלְצוֹת וְלֹא מִתְיַבְּמוֹת. כֵּיצַד סְפֵק קִדּוּשִׁין, זָרַק לָהּ קִדּוּשִׁין, סָפֵק קָרוֹב לוֹ סָפֵק קָרוֹב לָהּ, זֶהוּ סְפֵק קִדּוּשִׁין. סְפֵק גֵּרוּשִׁין, כָּתַב בִּכְתַב יָדוֹ וְאֵין עָלָיו עֵדִים, יֵשׁ עָלָיו עֵדִים וְאֵין בּוֹ זְמָן, יֶשׁ בּוֹ זְמָן וְאֵין בּוֹ אֶלָּא עֵד אֶחָד, זֶהוּ סְפֵק גֵּרוּשִׁין:

And all of them [the fifteen arayoth], if they [his brothers] had in them (a) possible (relationship of) betrothal or divorce, [in which case there is a possibility of tzarath ervah], she (the tzarah) receives chalitzah and is not taken in yibum. What is an instance of possibility of betrothal? If he threw [the instrument of] betrothal to her, and it (landed) possibly closer to him (in which case she is not betrothed), possibly closer to her (in which case she is betrothed) [as when there were exactly eight cubits between them in the public domain, one's four cubits effecting acquisition for him there, and he threw it — possibly in his four cubits, possibly in hers] — this is (an instance of) "possibility of betrothal." (What is an instance of) possibility of divorce? If he wrote the get in his hand, but witnesses were lacking; or if there were witnesses, but the date were lacking; or if there were a date, but only one witness — this is (an instance of) "possibility of divorce."

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