Talmud for Shevuot 7:10

Rebbi Joḥanan asked: Can one argue for him an argument which does not apply to him¹¹¹The entire paragraph is in a slightly different formulation in Šebuot 7:2, 37d.
Since the Sages agree with R. Jehudah that for matters within general practice one believes the claimant of fire damages without proof, must the “general practice” be interpreted narrowly or may one admit, e. g., practices of rich people for a poor claimant?? Let us hear from the following: Bar Ziza’s sharecropper deposited a pound¹¹²A Roman pound, 345 g, an enormous value in the early 3rd Century. of gold with somebody. Bar Ziza and Bar Ziza’s sharecropper died; the case came before Rebbi Ismael ben Rebbi Yose. He said, does not everybody know that all Bar Ziza’s sharecrooper had was Bar Ziza’s property? It should be given to Bar Ziza’s sons. Bar Ziza had adult and underage sons. He said, the adult one should take half and when the underage ones grow up, they should receive half. Rebbi Ismael ben Rebbi Yose died; the case came before Rebbi Ḥiyya who said, that argument¹¹³R. Ismael ben R. Yose’s. means nothing [since there are people who do not flout their wealth]¹¹⁴Missing here, added from the text of Alfasi (#125) and the parallel in Šebuot. In the latter text, the position of R. Ḥiyya is explicitly endorsed by R. Joḥanan who quotes Prov. 13:7: “There are those who pose as rich and have nothing, pose as poor and have great wealth”.; it should be given to the sharecropper’s sons. The trustee told him, I already disbursed half of it. He told him, what you gave, you gave by court order and what you will give, you will give by court order. May the sharecropper’s sons say to Bar Ziza’s sons, give us what you took? They can tell them, what was done was done by court order. May the underage ones say to the adult, let us share with you? May they tell them, we found a find? Rebbi Isaac said, the case between the adult and underaged ones is compared to one who gave a gift¹¹⁵Since R. Ismael ben R. Yose said that “it should be given to Bar Ziza’s sons,” all have to share equally..

MISHNAH: Wages of a human, as well as wages for an animal, as well as wages for implements are subsumed under “you must pay his wages on his day”⁷⁰If he is not paid promptly, the employer sins against “you must pay his wages on his day” (Deut. 24:15). and “one may not withhold a hireling’s wages until the morning”⁶⁹Since he works until sundown, he cannot be paid during the day. If he was not paid by daybreak the next morning, his employer has sinned against the rule that “one may not withhold a hireling’s wages until the morning” (Lev. 19:13).. When? If he claimed it. If he did not claim it, one does not transgress. If one gave him a draft on a storekeeper or a banker, he does not transgress. In his time⁷⁴The time when he has to be paid according to Mishnah 11. the hireling swears and takes⁷⁵The hireling claims that he was not paid; the employer claims that he did pay; neither of them has witnesses. Then the hireling is privileged; the court will allow him to swear that he was not paid and then order his employer to pay.; after his time he does not swear and take⁷⁶The ordinary rules of procedure apply: in the absence of proof the defendant may swear to absolve himself.. But if there are witnesses that he did claim, he swears and takes⁷⁷Even after the 12 hour period when he should have been paid. The unpaid hireling has to protect his claim by asking for his money in front of witnesses..
The resident proselyte⁸⁰He is a full Jew in contrast to the גֵּר תּוֹשָׁב “resident proselyte” who only keeps the Noaḥide commandments. is protected by “you must pay his wages on his day” but not by “one may not withhold a hireling’s wages until the morning”⁸⁵The verse Deut. 24:14 speaks of “your proselyte … in your gates.” The same expression is used in Deut. 14:20 to permit the sale of carcass meat to the resident proselyte. By the doctrine of invariable lexemes in the Torah, the expression in Deut. 24:14 refers to the resident proselyte. But Lev. 19:13 speaks of “your neighbor”; only the just proselyte is covered by that expression. (Halakhah 14; Babli 111b)..