בַּמֶּה דְבָרִים אֲמוּרִים, בְּשֶׁלֹּא דִבֵּר, אֲבָל הִרְשָׁה אֶת בֶּן בֵּיתוֹ אוֹ אֶת עַבְדּוֹ אוֹ אֶת שִׁפְחָתוֹ לִתְרֹם, תְּרוּמָתוֹ תְרוּמָה. בִּטֵּל, אִם עַד שֶׁלֹּא תָרַם בִּטֵּל, אֵין תְּרוּמָתוֹ תְרוּמָה. וְאִם מִשֶּׁתָּרַם בִּטֵּל, תְּרוּמָתוֹ תְרוּמָה. הַפּוֹעֲלִים, אֵין לָהֶן רְשׁוּת לִתְרֹם, חוּץ מִן הַדָּרוֹכוֹת, שֶׁהֵן מְטַמְּאִים אֶת הַגַּת מִיָּד:
To what does this apply? Only if one did not confer [with the other], but if one permits a member of his household, or his male slave or female slave to set aside <i>Terumah</i> [for him], this <i>Terumah</i> is [considered valid] <i>Terumah</i>. If he annulled [this permission]: If he annulled it before he set aside <i>Terumah</i>, the Terumah is not [valid] <i>Terumah</i>. But if he annulled it after he set aside <i>Terumah</i>, the <i>Terumah</i> is <i>Terumah</i>. Workers have no permission to give <i>Terumah</i>, except for those who tread [grapes] for they immediately make the winepress impure.
Tosefta Terumot
A worker who separates terumah from the threshing floor [without explicit permission], his terumah is not [valid] terumah, but if the landowner said to him, "gather together [the produce] of my threshing floor," his terumah is [valid] terumah, as [the produce on] the threshing floor may not be gathered together unless terumah has [first] been separated.
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Tosefta Terumot
From what time may they (i.e., the
chaverim workers specifically designated to tithe the winepress, see Ter. 3:4 and
Bartenura there) take terumah from the winepress [on behalf of the
am ha'aretz owners]? After they tread on the [grapes in the vat both] vertically and horizontally. From what time do [the
am ha'aretz owners enter and] render the winepress impure? Beit Shammai say, "After first tithe is removed [by the workers]." Beit Hillel say, "After second tithe is removed." Said Rabbi Yehudah, the halacha is according to the words of Beit Shammai; however, the multitudes have become accustomed to act according to the words of Beit Hillel. And the Sages say, [the workers] take out terumah and tithes and [the owners] immediately [enter and] render the winepress impure.
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