הַפֵּגָם, וְהַיַּרְבּוּזִין הַשּׁוֹטִים, וְהַחֲלַגְלוֹגִית, כֻּסְבָּר שֶׁבֶּהָרִים, וְהַכַּרְפַּס שֶׁבַּנְּהָרוֹת, וְהַגַּרְגֵּר שֶׁל אֲפָר, פְּטוּרִין מִן הַמַּעַשְׂרוֹת, וְנִלְקָחִין מִכָּל אָדָם בַּשְּׁבִיעִית, שֶׁאֵין כַּיּוֹצֵא בָהֶם נִשְׁמָר. רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר, סְפִיחֵי חַרְדָּל, מֻתָּרִין, שֶׁלֹּא נֶחְשְׁדוּ עֲלֵיהֶן עוֹבְרֵי עֲבֵרָה. רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן אוֹמֵר, כָּל הַסְּפִיחִין מֻתָּרִין, חוּץ מִסְּפִיחֵי כְרוּב, שֶׁאֵין כַּיּוֹצֵא בָהֶם בְּיַרְקוֹת שָׂדֶה. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, כָּל הַסְּפִיחִין אֲסוּרִין:
Rue, wild <i>Albersia Blitum</i>, purslane, mountain coriander, river celery, and <i>Eruca Sativa</i> are all exempt from tithes and may be purchased from anybody during the Sabbatical year, because their counterparts are not guarded. Rabbi Yehudah says, mustard aftergrowths are permitted, since transgressors are not suspected concerning them. Rabbi Shimon says, all aftergrowths are permitted, except for cabbage aftergrowths, since they have no counterparts in field vegetation. The Sages say: all aftergrowths are prohibited.
Sifra
1) And whence is it derived that the thirty day period before Rosh Hashanah is regarded as the entire year? From "And on the seventh year a Sabbath of resting shall there be for the land" (the month of Rosh Hashanah being regarded as a year in itself) — whence they ruled: The shevi'ith year of benoth shuach (a type of fig) is the second year (after the shevi'ith in which it matured) because it matures every three years. R. Yehudah says: The shevi'ith year of the Persian figs is the end of Shevi'ith, for they mature every two years. They said to him: They stated it only about benoth shuach.
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Sifra
3) (Vayikra 25:5) ("The after-growth of your harvest you shall not reap, and the grapes of your guarded vine you shall not glean; a year of rest shall there be for the land.") This is the source for the sages' ban on the after-growths of the seventh year. "and the grapes of your guarded vine you shall not glean": From what is guarded in the land you may not glean, but you may glean from hefker (what you relinquished ownership of.) "you shall not glean": in the (usual) way of the gleaners — whence they ruled: Figs of shevi'ith are not to be cut with a muktzeh (the usual tool), but with a knife. Grapes are not to be trod in a vat, but n a kneading trough. Olives are not to be processed in a (bad) (an olive-press) or in a kotiv (a smaller press), but may be crushed and put into a bedidah (a small press). R. Shimon says: They may also be ground in a bad and put into a bedidah.
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