Mishnah
Mishnah

Quoting%20commentary for Shabbat 2:1

בַּמֶּה מַדְלִיקִין וּבַמָּה אֵין מַדְלִיקִין. אֵין מַדְלִיקִין לֹא בְלֶכֶשׁ, וְלֹא בְחֹסֶן, וְלֹא בְכָלָךְ, וְלֹא בִפְתִילַת הָאִידָן, וְלֹא בִפְתִילַת הַמִּדְבָּר, וְלֹא בִירוֹקָה שֶׁעַל פְּנֵי הַמָּיִם. וְלֹא בְזֶפֶת, וְלֹא בְשַׁעֲוָה, וְלֹא בְשֶׁמֶן קִיק, וְלֹא בְשֶׁמֶן שְׂרֵפָה, וְלֹא בְאַלְיָה, וְלֹא בְחֵלֶב. נַחוּם הַמָּדִי אוֹמֵר, מַדְלִיקִין בְּחֵלֶב מְבֻשָּׁל. וַחֲכָמִים אוֹמְרִים, אֶחָד מְבֻשָּׁל וְאֶחָד שֶׁאֵינוֹ מְבֻשָּׁל, אֵין מַדְלִיקִין בּוֹ:

With what do we kindle [the Sabbath lamp? With what do we make the wicks and the oils to light?] We do not kindle: neither with lechesh [a kind of woolly substance found in a cedar between the bark and the trunk], nor with chosen [unbeaten flax], nor with chalach [the residue of silk], nor with a wick of iddan [a kind of wool found in a willow between the outer and the inner surface], nor with a wick of midbar [a long grass which is grown for kindling], nor with yerokah on the face of the water [a kind of wooly substance growing on the walls of a boat that has been long on the water. Up to this point, unsuitable wicks; from this point on, unsuitable oils.] neither with tar, nor with wax [Melted tar or wax are not to be put in the lamp to be lit in place of oil; but to make a kind of long wick out of wax, as they were wont to do, is permitted.], nor with the oil of kik [cotton-seed oil. Others understand it as kikayon deyonah, a kind of large-leaved grass, the oil of which is especially thick. The wicks invalidated by the sages — Why? Because the flame gets caught in them; that is, the flame does not enter the wick, but remains on the outside. And the oils invalidated by the sages — because they are not "pulled" after the wick. And because the lamp does not burn well, we fear that he will incline the oil towards it and thus be in transgression of kindling. Or, he might leave the lamp and go out, and we rule that the Sabbath lamp is obligatory.], nor with oil for burning [oil of terumah which became unclean. Why is it called "oil for burning"? Because it is slated for burning, in that it may not be eaten. And we are speaking of a festival that falls out on Sabbath eve, so that when he lights the lamp while it is still day, he is found to be burning unclean oil of terumah on a festival; and we rule that it is not permitted to burn consecrated foods on a festival, viz. (Exodus 12:10): "And what is left over of it (the Paschal offering) until morning, in fire shall you burn it," which is expounded: "And what is left over of it until the first morning, until the second morning (the sixteenth of Nissan) arise and burn it" — for what is left over is not to be burned on the festival. And the same holds true for all other consecrated foods that require burning.], nor with (oil of the) tail, nor with fats. Nachum Hamadi says: One may light with cooked (i.e., melted) fats. and the sages say: whether cooked or uncooked, one may not light with it. [The first tanna also says: "nor with fats," all fats being implied. The difference between the first tanna and the sages is that one of them holds that it is permitted to light with cooked fats when a slight amount of oil is mixed with it, and the other forbids even this. It was not clear to the sages of the Talmud who forbids and who permits. The halachah is in accordance with the sages.]

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