Mishnah
Mishnah

Midrash for Kiddushin 4:1

עֲשָׂרָה יוֹחֲסִין עָלוּ מִבָּבֶל, כַּהֲנֵי, לְוִיֵּי, יִשְׂרְאֵלֵי, חֲלָלֵי, גֵּרֵי, וַחֲרוּרֵי, מַמְזֵרֵי, נְתִינֵי, שְׁתוּקֵי, וַאֲסוּפֵי. כַּהֲנֵי, לְוִיֵּי וְיִשְׂרְאֵלֵי, מֻתָּרִים לָבֹא זֶה בָזֶה. לְוִיֵּי, יִשְׂרְאֵלֵי, חֲלָלֵי, גֵּרֵי וַחֲרוּרֵי, מֻתָּרִים לָבֹא זֶה בָזֶה. גֵּרֵי וַחֲרוּרֵי, מַמְזֵרֵי וּנְתִינֵי שְׁתוּקֵי וַאֲסוּפֵי, כֻּלָּם מֻתָּרִין לָבֹא זֶה בָזֶה:

Ten degrees of pedigree went up from Bavel to Eretz Yisrael [Ezra separated all the p'sulin (those of defective pedigree) who were in Bavel, and brought them up with him, so that they not become intermixed with the pedigreed, no beth-din having been left in Bavel (to rule on such matters)]: Cohanim, Levites, Israelites, challalim [Cohanim born of those unfit for the priesthood, such as a widow to a high-priest, or a divorcée, a challalah, and a zonah to a regular priest], freed-men [freed bondsmen], mamzerim, Nethinim [Giveonites, who circumcised themselves in the days of Joshua and were forbidden to enter the congregation], shetukim and asufim [to be explained below]. Cohanim, Levites, and Israelites are permitted to intermarry. Levites, Israelites, proselytes, and freed-men are permitted to intermarry. Proselytes, freed-men, mamzerim, Nethinim, shetukim, and asufim — all are permitted to intermarry. [For the congregation of proselytes is not called a "congregation," and mamzerim were not exhorted against entering the congregation of proselytes. But Levites and Israelites may not marry mamzerim. And shetukim and asufim are possibly mamzerim and are permitted to intermarry with confirmed mamzerim. For we say that it is a confirmed "congregation" that he (the mamzer) may not enter, but not a possible one.]

Pirkei DeRabbi Eliezer

Rabbi Phineas said: Thirty years after Saul and his sons had been killed, a famine lasting three years arose in the days of David, year after year, as it is said, "And there was a famine in the days of David three years, year after year" (2 Sam. 21:1). Why was it year after year? In the first year all Israel went up to (celebrate the great) festivals. David said to them: Go and look if perchance there be among you some who worship idols, for because of the sin of idolatry rain is withheld, as it is said, "Take heed to yourselves, lest your heart be deceived, and ye turn aside, and serve other gods, and worship them" (Deut. 11:16). What is written after this? "And the anger of the Lord will be kindled against you, and he will shut up the heaven, that there be no rain" (Deut. 11:17). They went forth and investigated, but did not find (any idolatry).
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