Mishnah
Mishnah

Halakhah for Beitzah 1:5

בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, אֵין מְסַלְּקִין אֶת הַתְּרִיסִין בְּיוֹם טוֹב. וּבֵית הִלֵּל מַתִּירִין אַף לְהַחֲזִיר. בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, אֵין נוֹטְלִין אֶת הָעֱלִי לְקַצֵּב עָלָיו בָּשָׂר. וּבֵית הִלֵּל מַתִּירִין. בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, אֵין נוֹתְנִין אֶת הָעוֹר לִפְנֵי הַדּוֹרְסָן וְלֹא יַגְבִּיהֶנּוּ, אֶלָּא אִם כֵּן יֵשׁ עִמּוֹ כַזַּיִת בָּשָׂר. וּבֵית הִלֵּל מַתִּירִין. בֵּית שַׁמַּאי אוֹמְרִים, אֵין מוֹצִיאִין לֹא אֶת הַקָּטָן וְלֹא אֶת הַלּוּלָב וְלֹא אֶת סֵפֶר תּוֹרָה לִרְשׁוּת הָרַבִּים. וּבֵית הִלֵּל מַתִּירִין:

Beth Shammai say: It is forbidden to remove shutters on yom tov. [Spice-merchants have shops built like chests, standing in the marketplace and not attached to the ground. Shutters are used to close the openings of those chests and sometimes they are removed from the opening and the spices spread out upon them.] Beth Hillel permit even putting them back. [With shutters that are entirely without a hinge, all agree that they may be used to close even the entrance of a house in the courtyard. And with shutters that have a hinge on the side, all agree that it is forbidden to close even the openings of shops with them, this being similar to "building." Where do they differ? In respect to shutters that have a hinge in the middle, a kind of projection which is stuck into a hole in the middle of the wall of the opening of the shop. Beth Shammai hold that we decree against a hinge in the middle by reason of a hinge on the side; and Beth Hillel hold that we do not so decree with shop shutters and that it is permitted to put them back. For he must take out the spices, and if he were not permitted to put them back, he would not open (his shop) and this would detract from "the joy of yom tov."] Beth Shammai say: It is forbidden to take a pestle to carve meat thereon. [A pestle is a large, round piece of wood, used for crushing grits and the like, which, because of its weight and size is not considered a vessel (and thus forbidden to be moved on yom tov).] Beth Hillel permit it [because of "the joy of yom tov," even though it is not considered a vessel.] Beth Shammai say: It is forbidden to place (animal) hide before treaders [so that it not spoil], and it may not be lifted [to move it, after it has been spread out]. Beth Hillel permit it. [For if it were not permitted, he would not slaughter the animal so that the hide not be spoiled, and this would detract from "the joy of yom tov."] Beth Shammai say: Neither a minor, nor a lulav, nor a Torah scroll may be carried out to the public domain [i.e., Nothing (may be carried out) which is not needed for purposes of eating]; and Beth Hillel permit it, [saying: Since it (carrying) was permitted for eating purposes, it was also permitted for non-eating purposes. This, provided that it be for the sake of a mitzvah, as in the instances of our Mishnah, or for some benefit, as (carrying) the key of one's house and the like (as opposed to taking out stones and the like, Beth Hillel conceding that this is forbidden)].

Gray Matter IV

For example, the Mishnah (Beitzah 1:5) records that Beit Shamai do not permit carrying a child, lulav, or Sefer Torah in a public domain on Yom Tov, while Beit Hillel do permit such carrying. The Gemara (Beitzah 12a) explains that Beit Hillel believes that “mitoch shehutrah hotza’ah letzorech. hutrah nami shelo letzorech”, “Given that the Torah permits carrying for the sake of food preparation, it permits carrying for any Yom Tov need,” while Beit Shamai rejects this expansion. This concept is commonly referred to as “mitoch” and applies to all melachot that are permitted on Yom Tov. The Halachah follows the opinion of Beit Hillel (Shulchan Aruch O.C. 518:1).
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