Commentary for Terumot 9:7

המנכש – tears out bad grasses that grow amindst the grain and the vegetables.

He who weeds allium plants (whose seeds do not for a Gentile, even though the produce is untithed he eat from them in a casual fashion. Allium are plants whose seed remains in the soil. The mishnah discusses a situation where a Jew is working in a field owned by a Gentile but they are in the land of Israel. The plants that grow in such a field must be tithed before a Jew eats them. If the Jew had planted this field with untithed allium plants, he would not be allowed to eat them from even in a casual fashion until he had tithed them. However, since the Jew is working in the Gentile’s field and the Gentile planted them, the rabbis were lenient and allowed him to eat from them in a casual fashion before he had tithed them.

בחסיות – such as garlic and LOF (plants similar to colccasia, with edible leaves and root, and hearing beans – classified with onions and garlic) and onions and leek-green plants, all of these are called חסיות/leeks.

Saplings of terumah which had become unclean and were re-planted, become clean from their uncleanness. Saplings are parts of plants that are cut off and then replanted elsewhere to make them grow stronger. In this case the saplings were cut off and then became impure. By planting them again they lose their impurity because plants attached to the ground cannot be impure.

אע"פ שפרירותיו – of the idolater are eatables forbidden to be eaten pending the separation of sacred gifts, for this Tanna holds that there is no acquisition for an idolater in the Land of Israel to release him from the obligation for tithing, and the growth of eatables forbidden to be eaten pending the separation of sacred gifts is eatables forbidden to be consumed pending the separation of sacred gifts like something where the seed does not disintegrate, nevertheless, he eats from them an incidental meal.

But they must not be eaten until the edible part [of the stalk] has been lopped off. Rabbi Judah says: he must [before eating] lop off a second time that which grew on the edible part. Nevertheless, when they replant them they must lop off the edible part of the plant because that part should not be eaten at all, even by priests. The rabbis were strict with regard to the edible parts and continued to treat them as impure terumah which cannot be eaten. The new fruit that grows back will be pure and can be eaten by priests. Rabbi Judah rules more stringently and says that he must lop off twice before he can eat.

שתילי תרומה – as, for example, saplings of cabbage and a species of beets. שנטמאו ושתלו טהרו מלטמא – and since they were attached/fastened to the ground, they became neutralized from he law of food. And if you should say that since the essence of the decree that the growth of heave-offering is like heave-offering, it is not other than because ritually impure heave-offering is in the hand of the Kohen, perhaps he will tarry near it and will become a stumbling block regarding him. Yet, since he purified it, he tarries with it. And one can say that heave-offering that is sold at a greatly cheapened price because it is not appropriate other than for ritually pure Kohanim and if it is defiled, it requires burning. Therefore, even if they would give heave-offering to a Kohen in order to sow it, he would [you must say “lose”] from abolishing his field. But if they were the growths of unconsecrated produce, he would detain the ritually impure heave-offering in order to sow it.

ואסורים לאכול – it is a mere preference.

עד שיגום האוכל – cut all that is appropriate for eating, and what will grow afterwards will be permitted.

עד שיגום וישנה – he will cutg what that grew also a second time, and and what that would grow from the second time onwards will be permitted. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.