[If one said], "This [animal] is instead of a <i>Chattat</i> [offering brought to expiate sin]," or "instead of an <i>Olah</i>," he has not said anything. "[This animal] is instead of this <i>Chattat</i> ," or "instead of this <i>Olah</i>," "instead of the <i>Chattat</i> or the <i>Olah</i>, which I have inside the house." - if he had [the animal], his words stand. If he said regarding an impure animal or a blemished animal, "This is an <i>Olah</i>," he has not said anything; [if he says], "This is for an <i>Olah</i>," he sells it and uses the money for an <i>Olah</i>.
Bartenura on Mishnah Temurah
תחת חטאת או תחת עולה – he stated anonymously but did not state in place of this sin-offering or this burnt-offering.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Temurah
Introduction The final mishnah of chapter five discusses the precise language that must be used for a substitute to be valid.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Temurah
לא אמר כלום – as it is written (Leviticus 27:10): “One may not exchange or substitute another for it,” until the sanctified thing is known and special when one substitutes for it.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Temurah
[If one says:] “Behold this animal shall be instead of a hatat,” [or] “instead of an olah,” he has said nothing. [But if he says:] “Instead of this hatat” [or] “Instead of this olah,” [or] “Instead of the hatat or the olah which I have in the house,” and he had it in the house, his words stand. In order for the substitute to be valid he must specify the animal that is being substituted for. If he does not specify an animal that he owns, then his words have no validity.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Temurah
תחת חטאת זו – and that sin-offering was standing before him.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Temurah
If he says concerning an unclean animal or a blemished animal: “Behold these shall be an olah,” he has said nothing. [But if he says:] “Behold they shall be for an olah,” they are sold and he brings with their money an olah. One cannot make an unclean animal (such as a pig or camel) into an olah, or any sacrifice for that matter. If one takes such an animal and declares it to be an olah, he has said nothing. However, if he says that the animal will “be for an olah” we interpret him as meaning that the animal will be used to bring another animal for an olah. Therefore the unclean or blemished animal can be sold and with its proceeds an olah is brought.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Temurah
הרי אלו לעולה – which implies for the monetary value of the burnt-offering, for if they themselves want to offer it, he would say, “lo, these are a burnt-offering.”
