A meicham [a copper kettle placed on the fire to heat the water inside] — if it were removed [from the kirah, and it contained hot water], cold water should not be put into it to be heated [by the hot water remaining in the meicham, this being like cooking on the Sabbath], but one can put into it [much (cold) water, so that it all becomes lukewarm], or into a cup, in order to make it lukewarm. [And even though it is a kli-sheni ("second vessel"), it is permitted only to make it lukewarm. But it is forbidden to put in a little so that it is heated, this tanna holding that a kli-sheni cooks. And below it is taught: "But he may put it into the dish," which implies that a kli-sheni does not cook. The halachah is that a kli-sheni does not cook.] If one took an ilpass or a kederah (types of pots) [from the fire ben hashmashoth], boiling, he may not put spices into them, but he may put them into the dish or into the tamchui (into which the contents of the pots have been poured), [for a kli-sheni does not cook. ("tamchui":) a large tray into which the entire ilpass is poured, and thence apportioned to the dishes.] R. Yehudah says: He may put them into anything, [even a kli-rishon ("first vessel")], except one which contains vinegar or fish-brine, [for they cook the spices. The halachah is not in accordance with R. Yehudah. And it is specifically spices that it is forbidden to put into a kli-rishon, even after it is removed from the fire. But salt does not cook even in a kli-rishon, except when it is on the fire. Therefore, it is permitted to put salt even into a kli-rishon after it is removed from the fire.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
המימם – the copper kettle that they place on top of the fire to heat the water that is in it.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Introduction
The previous mishnayot dealt with leaving things on the fire. Today’s mishnah deals with things that are prohibited because they are considered cooking, even if the dish has been taken off the fire.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
שפינהו – [that they removed it] from on top of the double stove and there is within it hot water.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
A kettle which was removed [from the fire]: one may not pour cold water into it so that it should warm up, but one may pour it [water] into or into a cup in order to temper it. This section discusses a hot water kettle which has been removed from the fire. It is forbidden to pour a small amount of water into the kettle because the hot water that it is in the kettle will cook the water which is put in. However, she may put a large quantity of cold water into the kettle because this will not cause the cold water to be cooked but rather the hot water to be cooled down. If the water from the hot water kettle has been poured into a cup she may also put in cold water in order to cool the hot water down.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
לא יתן לתוכו – a bit of [cold] water in order that it can be heated from the water that remained within the vessel for heating water for this is like cooking on Shabbat.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
The pan or pot which was removed [from the fire] while it is boiling, one must not put spices into it, but one may put [spices] into a dish or a tureen. This section discusses a pan or pot with boiling hot contents which was removed from the fire right before Shabbat began. On Shabbat it is forbidden to put spices directly into the pan or pot because in this way the spices will be cooked. However, if she moves the contents of the pan into a dish or tureen which is not on the fire, then she may put into the dish anything she wants. Once the contents have been moved from their original pan, they will not cook any spices put into them.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
אבל נותן לתוכו – a lot of water until everything returns to be lukewarm/tepid.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Rabbi Judah says: he may put [spices] into anything except what contains vinegar or brine. Rabbi Judah holds that she may put spices into any dish, even one that is boiling and was just removed from the fire. The only thing that is prohibited is putting something into a dish with vinegar or brine. According to Rabbi Judah, the spiciness of the vinegar and brine aid in cooking the food in the dish. [I must admit that I have a wish to say fish in dish, but that is probably because I have been reading Dr. Seuss to my children.]
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
או לתוך הכוס – even though it is a second-degree utensil, especially to make them tepid, it is permitted, but not a little bit of [cold] water in order to heat them, for the Tanna/teacher of this Mishnah holds a that a second-degree utensil cooks and further on [in this Mishnah] we are taught that he may put them into a tureen or a plate, which implies that a second-degree utensil does not cook and the Halakha is that a second-degree utensil does not cook.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
שהעבירן – from the fire.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
מרותחין – at twilight.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
לא יתן לתוכן תבלין – from after it gets dark for a first-degree utensil – all the time that it boils, it cooks.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
אבל נותן הוא בתוך הקערה – for a second-degree utensil does not cook.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
תמחוי – a kind of large plate that stirs up the entire tightly-covered stew pot into it and from there, stirs it into the plate.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
לכל הוא נותן – even into a first-degree utensil.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
חוץ מדבר שיש בו חומץ או ציר – that drips from the saltiness of the fish and they cook the spices, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda. But especially spices that are prohibited to place in a first-degree utensil even after they have removed it from the fire, but salt, even in a first-degree utensil does not cook, other than over the fire alone. Therefore, it is permissible to put salt, even in a first-degree utensil, after they have removed it from the fire.
