A man may carry his son [in a courtyard] with a stone in his (the son's) hand [and we do not say that he (the father) is carrying the stone], or a basket with a stone in it. [This, on condition that there be fruits in the basket; for if not, it (the basket) is a basis for something forbidden (the stone), and it is forbidden to carry it. And there must also be in it such fruits which, if thrown to the ground, will spoil, such as berries and grapes and the like. But if they were fruits like nuts and almonds, he shakes out the fruits (along with the stone). And with fruits that spoil, too, like berries and grapes, if he can move them to the edge of the basket and shake out the stone alone, it is forbidden to carry it with the stone. Our Mishnah is speaking of an instance in which the sides or the bottom of the basket have eroded to the extent that it is impossible to use the basket without the stone.] And it is permitted to carry unclean terumah together with clean terumah and chullin (mundane food), [but it is forbidden to carry unclean terumah by itself (on Shabbath)]. R. Yehudah says: Meduma (a mixture) may also be brought up with a hundred and one. [If a sa'ah of terumah fell into a hundred sa'ah of chullin, it is permitted to "bring up" the sa'ah of terumah from them on Shabbath so that all remain chullin and permitted to non-Cohanim. And we do not say that he is thereby "correcting" (on Sabbath); for we regard terumah that fell into chullin as lying alone and not being intermixed, so that when it is "brought up" (i.e., when a sa'ah is given to a Cohein from the one hundred and one, it is considered as if the terumah itself which fell into it is brought up, so that there is no "correcting." The halachah is not in accordance with R. Yehudah.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
נוטל אדם את בנו – in the courtyard and the stone is in his hand, but we don’t say that he is carrying regarding the stone.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Introduction
This mishnah deals with picking up something that is muktzeh (forbidden to be touched on Shabbat) with something which a person is allowed to carry on Shabbat.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
כלכלה – basket
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
A man may pick up his son while he has a stone in his hand or a basket with a stone in it. One can carry a child on Shabbat; a child is not “muktzeh.” However, the stone which the child is holding is muktzeh (because there is no purpose to it on Shabbat). The mishnah teaches that the parent can pick up the child even though she has a stone in her hand. Similarly, one can pick up a basket (not muktzeh) with a stone in it, even though the stone is muktzeh.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
והאבן בתוכה – and it is the case that there will be fruit/produce in the basket, for if there were no fruit in it, it would be made the basis for a prohibited thing for it is prohibited to carry it, and there needs also that there would be in it fruit so that if he casts them on the ground, they would be detestable, such as mulberries and grapes and similar things, but if there were no fruit in it, such as nuts and almonds, he would empty the fruit and they would fall, but the detestable fruit also such as mulberries and grapes, if it is possible to remove them to the sides of the basket and to remove the stone alone, and to cast it away, for it is prohibited to carry it with the stone. But our Mishnah is speaking about the case where it had broken through from the sides of the basket or its rim at the bottom of the vessel and the stone was a wall to it, that it is impossible to use the basket without [the presence] of the stone.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
And one may carry impure terumah together with pure [terumah] or with non-sacred produce. Impure terumah cannot be eaten and therefore it can’t be used on Shabbat. This makes it muktzeh. Nevertheless, if the impure terumah is in the same container as either pure terumah or non-sacred produce (hullin), both of which can be used on Shabbat, then it may be carried. The Talmud explains that this is so only if the pure terumah cannot be taken off the top. If however, the pure terumah can be removed without touching the impure terumah then the impure terumah should not be touched.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
תרומה טמאה עם הטהורה ועם החולין – subsidiary to the pure produce and subsidiary to the non-holy produce but the unclean is separate and is not carried.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Shabbat
Rabbi Judah said: one may also remove the mixture [of terumah in non-sacred produce] when one [part is neutralized] in a hundred [parts]. If terumah becomes mixed with non-terumah (hullin) then the whole mixture takes on the status of terumah and it may only be eaten by priests. However, if there are more than one hundred parts hullin to one part terumah than one may take up one part out of the one hundred and one parts, give that part to terumah and the remainder reverts to being hullin, edible by non-priests. Rabbi Judah teaches that on Shabbat one can carry a mixture of one part terumah and one hundred parts hullin and even take out the one part on Shabbat in order to make it edible by non-priests.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Shabbat
אף מעלין את המדומע באחד ומאה – A Se’ah of Terumah/priest’s due that fell into one-hundred Se’ah of non-holy produce, it is permissible to raise it up to a Se’ah of Terumah from them on Shabbat and all of it (i.e., the rest) would be non-holy produce, and it is permissible for foreigners (i.e., non-priests) and we don’t say that he is making things legally fit for use by giving the priest’s dues, for the Terumah that fell in the non-holy produce, we consider it as if it was placed alone, and didn’t become mixed up, and when it comes up as one-part in one-hundred and one, the Terumah itself that fell comes up. Therefore, it is not repairing, but the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yehuda.
