Flour is not to be put into charoseth [something containing vinegar and water, into which meat is dipped] or into mustard. And if one put it [into mustard], he must eat it immediately. [For mustard is sharp and it does not become chametz very quickly as it does in charoseth. But with charoseth, the first tanna concurs with R. Meir that it is forbidden.] R. Meir forbids it [even if he puts it into mustard, holding that it becomes chametz in mustard immediately, as in charoseth. The halachah is not in accordance with R. Meir. The Pesach (i.e., the meat of the Pesach offering) is not to be cooked, [it being written (Exodus 12:9): "…and cooked, cooked" — in any way], neither in liquids nor in fruit juices. But it may be anointed and dipped in them [after being roasted, and we do not say that its taste is thereby neutralized. Or else, even before it is roasted, it is permitted to anoint the Pesach with fruit juice. For thus was it taught (7:3): "If they anointed it with oil of terumah, if they were a company of Cohanim, they may eat it."] The water used by the baker [to cool his hands in when he forms the matzoth] should be spilled [down an incline, so that it not collect in one place] because it (thereby) becomes chametz.
Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
בחרוסת – a thing that has vinegar and water in it and is made to dip meat in it.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Pesachim
Introduction
This mishnah contains three more prohibited mixtures, two of which deal with chametz.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
ואם נתן – into the mustard.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Pesachim
One may not put flour into haroset or into mustard; “Haroset” is a mixture of fruit and wine or wine vinegar and it was customary to put flour in it as well. However, on Pesah it is forbidden to put flour in it because the wine or wine vinegar will cause it to become chametz. Mustard is also made with vinegar and therefore it is also forbidden to put flour into it.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
יאכל מיד – for the mustard is sharp and does not sour quickly like the Haroset (a pap made of fruits and spices with wine – to sweeten the bitter herb) and, but regarding Haroset, the first Tanna [of our Mishnah] agrees with Rabbi Meir that it is forbidden.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Pesachim
And if he did put [it], it must be eaten immediately; But Rabbi Meir forbids [it]. If he nevertheless did put flour into either mustard or haroset, he must eat it immediately so that it doesn’t become chametz. Rabbi Meir, however, holds that it becomes chametz immediately and therefore one cannot eat it.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
ורבי מאיר אוסר – even if he put it into the mustard, for he holds that mustard immediately sours/leavens like the Haroset. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Meir.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Pesachim
One may not boil the Pesah sacrifice, neither in liquids nor in fruit juice but one may baste and dip it in them. Exodus 12:9 forbids eating the Pesach sacrifice if it has been boiled. Our mishnah adds that this prohibition holds true for all liquids, water and fruit juices the sacrifice may not be boiled in any liquid. However, it is not prohibited to baste the sacrifice with liquids such as wine or oil while it is roasting and one can dip the meat in liquids after the roasting is complete. Perhaps the reason that this section is here is that above we dealt with Exodus 12:8 and here we deal with Exodus 12:9. Alternatively, since the previous sections and the following one deal with juices, this halakhah is brought here.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
לא במשקין ולא במי פירות – as it is written (Exodus 12:9): “[Do not eat any of it raw,] or cooked in ay way with water…” anyway.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
English Explanation of Mishnah Pesachim
The water used by a baker must be poured out, because it causes leavening. While baking matzah, the baker will dip his fingers in water to keep them moist. The water bowl into which he dips his fingers must be dumped out so that the flour in it doesn’t turn into chametz. It should be dumped out somewhere where it will not gather in one place so that it doesn’t turn into chametz on the ground.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
אבל סכין ומטבילין – after it is roasted, and we don’t’ say that it nullifies its taste; alternatively, even before it is roasted, it is permitted to rub the Passover offering in fruit juice, and such is taught [in the Mishnah] “How do we roast” (Pesahim, Chapter 7, Mishnah 3), that they rubbed it/basted it in the oil of priest’s due and if there was a group of Kohanim present, they would consume it.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
נחתום – he cools off his hands with them at the time that he forms the Matzah.
Ask RabbiBookmarkShareCopy
Bartenura on Mishnah Pesachim
ישפכו – in a declivity so that they will not remain gathered in one place and become leavened.
