Commentary for Eduyot 3:9
אַרְבָּעָה דְבָרִים רַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל מְטַמֵּא, וַחֲכָמִים מְטַהֲרִין. כִּסּוּי טֶנִי שֶׁל מַתָּכוֹת שֶׁל בַּעֲלֵי בָתִּים, וּתְלוֹי הַמַּגְרֵדוֹת, וְגָלְמֵי כְלֵי מַתָּכוֹת, וְטַבְלָא שֶׁנֶּחְלְקָה לִשְׁנָיִם. וּמוֹדִים חֲכָמִים לְרַבָּן גַּמְלִיאֵל בְּטַבְלָא שֶׁנֶּחְלְקָה לִשְׁנַיִם, אֶחָד גָּדוֹל וְאֶחָד קָטָן, הַגָּדוֹל טָמֵא וְהַקָּטָן טָהוֹר:
Four things, R. Gamliel rules tamei, and the sages, tahor: the teni-cover of the metals of home-owners [("teni":) a metal vessel into which home-owners place refuse or shards of metal. R. Gamliel rules the cover tamei, for it (the cover), too, is considered a vessel, a cover also having a receptacle. And the sages rule it tahor, holding that since it was made only for covering it is not considered a vessel], and the strigil hooks [on which are hung the strigils ("scratchers") in the bath houses. (Each of the clients takes a strigil and scratches his feet and his body)], and unfinished metal vessels, [which still require to be smoothed or scraped or hammered, or which lack a rim or an ear. They are not susceptible of tumah according to the sages until they are finished], and a table of two halves [i.e., a clay table which has rims and which is made in such a way that one part is not larger than the other. It is in such an instance that R. Gamliel and the sages differ.] And the sages concur with R. Gamliel that in a table of two parts, where one part is large and the other small, the large part is tamei and the small part, tahor. [The halachah is in accordance with the sages.]
Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot
English Explanation of Mishnah Eduyot
The covering of a metal basket, if it belongs to householders;
And the hanger of a strigil;
And metals vessels which are still unshaped;
And a plate that is divided into two [equal] parts. And the Sages agree with Rabban Gamaliel in the case of a plate that was divided into two parts, one large and one small, that the large one is susceptible to impurity and the small one is not susceptible to impurity.
The next three mishnayoth contain halakhic traditions revolving around Rabban Gamaliel. Mishnah nine continues the pattern of the previous mishnah, of a dispute over which things are susceptible to impurity.
In mishnah eight we learned of three things that Rabbi Zadok declared susceptible to impurity and the Sages not susceptible. In mishnah nine we will learn of the same type of dispute, this time between Rabban Gamaliel and the Sages. Again, they seem to be disputing about how to define when something is a “vessel” such that it is susceptible to impurity. They dispute over four items:
1) The covering of a metal basket which belongs to a householder. In another tractate we learn that there is a difference between this type of covering if it is owned by a doctor. The doctors used these coverings for various uses, and therefore everyone agrees that they are susceptible to impurity. Rabban Gamaliel holds that a covering of this type of basket is used by non-professionals as well, and is therefore susceptible to impurity even if it belongs to a non-professional (a householder). The Sages disagree.
2) The hanger of a strigil. A strigil was a type of comb used during baths to scrape off dead skin. All agree that the strigil itself is susceptible to impurity. They disagree about the small chain attached to the strigil to hang it on a hook. According to Rabban Gamaliel it too is considered a vessel and therefore receives impurity. According to the Sages it does not.
3) Generally speaking, unformed vessels cannot receive impurity. However, when it comes to metal vessels that have not been fully finished, in other words they have not been polished, Rabban Gamaliel holds that they are susceptible to impurity, since they can be used. The Sages insist that as long as they are not fully finished they cannot receive impurity.
According to Rabban Gamaliel, a plate broken in two can still receive impurity. The Sages hold that broken vessels cannot generally speaking receive impurity. However, they agree with Rabban Gamaliel that if one of the pieces was large, that it still can receive impurity, since it is still useful. The small piece cannot receive impurity.