R. Dossa permits the innards [i.e., the seeds and the juice] of a melon and the discards of greens (of terumah) to zarim (non-Cohanim), and the sages forbid them. The shearings of five lambs, [each lamb] yielding a maneh and a half of wool, [less than that not being considered "shearings," this being the minimum] are subject to the mitzvah of "the first of the shearings" — These are the words of R. Dossa. The sages say: five lambs, any amount (of shearings). [Not really, for the rabbis did not mandate "the first of the shearings" for less than sixty selaim. But since R. Dossa required a (relatively) large amount, the tanna called the small amount of the sages "any amount." (The weight of a sela is twenty-four ma'im, and the weight of each ma'ah, sixteen barley grains.)]
Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot
מעי אבטיח – the seeds and the liquid that is within the melon.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eduyot
The insides of a melon and the discarded leaves of a vegetable of terumah: Rabbi Dosa permits [their] use to non-priests, and the Sages forbid it. Terumah, one of the agricultural offerings, may be eaten only by priests. According to Rabbi Dosa, the parts of terumah produce that are not commonly eaten are permitted to non-priests. Since these are not considered food, and the laws of terumah are only applicable to food, these things may be eaten by non-priests. The Sages forbid this. Presumably, according to the Sages since people do occasionally eat these things, the laws of terumah apply to them as well.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot
וקניבת ירק – the mouldy/decayed leaves that we remove from the vegetables.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Eduyot
Five ewes, their fleeces weighing each a mina and a half, are subject to [the law of] the first of the fleece, according to Rabbi Dosa. But the Sages say: “Five ewes [are subject] whatever [their fleeces weigh].” According to Deuteronomy 18:4, the first shearings of a sheep must be given to the priest. In our mishnah Rabbi Dosa and the Sages disagree about the minimum weight of the fleeces of the sheep which would cause them to be subject to these laws. According to Rabbi Dosa a person is not liable to give these shearings to the priest unless he has five female sheep and each fleece weighs a mina and a half, about 150 grams. Less than this is not even considered “shearings”. The Sages disagree. According to them as long as five female sheep are sheared, he must give the first shearings to the priest, no matter what the weight of the wool.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot
מנה מנה ופרס (this segment of the Mishnah is also taught in Tractate Hullin, Chapter 11, Mishnah 2) – Each one is worth a Maneh and one-half and less than this is not considered fleece/shorn wool for this is the least of the fleece.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Eduyot
כל שהן – not exactly for less than sixth Selah the Rabbis do not obligated in the first shorn wood (which is the priest’s gift), but because Rabbi Dosa provides a large measurement, the Tannah calls for the small measurement of the Rabbis, however much they produce. And the weight of the Sela is twenty-four Ma’im and the weight of each M’ah is sixteen globules of barley-seed.s
