Kommentar zu Kelim 20:4
עֲרֵבָה גְדוֹלָה שֶׁנִּפְחֲתָה מִלְּקַבֵּל רִמּוֹנִים, וְהִתְקִינָהּ לִישִׁיבָה, רַבִּי עֲקִיבָא מְטַמֵּא. וַחֲכָמִים מְטַהֲרִין, עַד שֶׁיְּקַצֵּעַ. עֲשָׂאָהּ אֵבוּס לַבְּהֵמָה, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁקְּבָעָהּ בַּכֹּתֶל, טְמֵאָה:
Ein großer Trog, der so beschädigt war, dass er keine Granatäpfel mehr aufnehmen konnte, und den er reparierte, um ihn als Sitz zu verwenden: Rabbi Akiva erklärt ihn für anfällig für Verunreinigungen, aber die Weisen erklären ihn für rein, bis er ihn schneidet. Wenn er es zu einer Futterschale für Rinder gemacht hat, selbst wenn er es an einer Wand befestigt hat, ist es anfällig für Verunreinigungen.
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
עד שיקצע (until he smooths/cuts off/trims the rough parts) – that he would cut it off and establish it for sitting. And the Halakha is according to the Sages.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
If a large trough was so damaged that it could no longer hold pomegranates and he fixed it to be used as a seat: Rabbi Akiva says that it is susceptible to uncleanness, But the sages say that it remains clean unless its rough parts have been smoothed. According to Rabbi Akiva, although the trough cannot be used for its original purpose, since he set it up to be used as a seat, it is susceptible to impurity. The other sages basically agree with Rabbi Akiva, but add the caveat that the trough is not susceptible unless its rough section has been smoothed to make it fit for a seat.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
אע"פ שקבעה בכותל טמאה – through defilement through a corpse or a reptile. But it is not annulled from being a vessel, and we don’t say a vessel that is attached to the ground is like the ground itself, but rather only when it was attached/connected to the ground at its outset, or that it was made in order to serve the ground.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
If it was turned into a feeding bowl for cattle, even if it was fixed to a wall, it is susceptible to uncleanness. If he turned it into a feeding bowl, then it is susceptible to impurity even though it is attached to the wall. The vessel is not considered as nullified due to its attachment to something that is attached to the ground.
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