Kommentar zu Kelim 13:1
הַסַּיִף, וְהַסַּכִּין, וְהַפִּגְיוֹן, וְהָרֹמַח, מַגַּל יָד וּמַגַּל קָצִיר, וְהַשְּׁחוֹר וְזוּג שֶׁל סַפָּרִים, שֶׁנֶּחֱלְקוּ, הֲרֵי אֵלּוּ טְמֵאִין. רַבִּי יוֹסֵי אוֹמֵר, הַסָּמוּךְ לַיָּד, טָמֵא. וְהַסָּמוּךְ לָרֹאשׁ, טָהוֹר. מִסְפֶּרֶת שֶׁנֶּחְלְקָה לִשְׁנַיִם, רַבִּי יְהוּדָה מְטַמֵּא, וַחֲכָמִים מְטַהֲרִין:
Das Schwert, das Messer, der Dolch, der Speer, die Hand Sichel, die Getreidesichel, die Haarzange, die Schere, die getrennt wurden - diese unterliegen Verunreinigungen. Rabbi Yosi sagt: [der Teil] in der Nähe der Hand ist unrein; [der Teil] in der Nähe des Kopfes ist rein. In zwei Teile getrennte Scheren - Rabbi Yehuda erklärt sie für unrein, aber die Weisen erklären sie für rein.
Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
הסיף והסכין והפגיון – a knife that has two mouths is called a dagger.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
The sword, knife, dagger, spear, hand-sickle, harvest-sickle, clipper, and barbers’ whose component parts were separated, are susceptible to impurity. All of these instruments are metal and are therefore susceptible to impurity. The scissors are susceptible even though their two knives have been separated.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
מגל יד (an implement combining a knife and saw) – a smooth implement made to break bones and to cut wood.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
Rabbi Yose says: the part that is near the hand is susceptible to impurity, but that which is near the top is clean. Rabbi Yose says that when any of these instruments has been separated into multiple pieces, only the part that is near the hand is still susceptible, because only it can be held. The other parts are not susceptible because they can't be held without cutting one's hands.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
מגל קציר (sickle/scythe – a implement with indentations) – filled with notches and ridges.
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English Explanation of Mishnah Kelim
The two parts of shears which were separated: Rabbi Judah says: they are still susceptible to impurity; But the sages say that they are clean. The "shears" referred to here have only one knife, which is bent to aid in cutting. If this type of shears was split into two, Rabbi Judah says that it is still susceptible, since each part is still usable. The other sages say that since it is difficult to use each individual part on its own, both are clean.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
השחור (hair-pinchers or razor) – they are small scissors that one shaves with them. And they are called שחור because they remove the hair, that removing and blackening is one thing, and so we state in the chapter "משילין פירות"/ They let down pieces of produce (Tractate Betzah 35b) that the one who taught “you may let fruit slide down [through an aperture in the roof}/משחילין is not erroneous (see also Tractate Bekhorot, Chapter 6, Mishnah 7). But there are those who interpret השחור is a razor.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
והזוג של ספרים – larger scissors than the hair-pincher [or] razor.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
שנחלקו – that they are of links and they take them apart from each other. And similarly, the razor has those whose handle is not attached and they remove it.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
הסמוך ליד – that it is appropriate for work more, but near the head, he fears lest it wound his hand. But the Halakha is not according to Rabbi Yossi.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
מספורת שנחלקה (shears which are divided [into two]) – they are women’s scissors, and when they are divided, each one is fit for cutting.
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Bartenura on Mishnah Kelim
וחכמים מטהרין – since it was broken. And the Halakha is according to the Sages.
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