Р. Чалафта Иш Кфар Ханина говорит: если десять будут судить, Шехина пребывает среди них, как написано (Псалтирь 82: 1): «Б-г стоит в собрании Всемогущего» [и «собрание» не меньше чем десять, как написано в отношении шпионов (Числа 14:27): «Как долго это злое собрание!» (Джошуа и Калев исключены, оставив десять). А откуда (это выведено) хотя бы на пять? Из (Псалтирь 82: 1): «среди судей [(три судьи и истцы)] Он будет судить». И (откуда это происходит) даже для трех? Из (Амос 9: 6): «И Он основал Свою связь на земле». [(три :) огонь, воздух и вода (которые окружают основание земли)—откуда видно, что три - это «связь». Или из (Исход 12:22): «пучок (три стебля) иссопа». Есть тексты, которые читают: а откуда мы получаем даже пять? Из «И Он основал Свою связь на земле». Человек «скрепляет» одной рукой, на которой есть пять пальцев. И (пять) пальцев руки вместе называются «связью». И начало стиха гласит: «Он строит Свои восхождения на небесах». То есть Шехина, которая находится на небесах, спускается на землю, когда существует связь (людей), занятая изучением Торы. И откуда мы получаем даже три? Из «Среди судей (три) Он будет судить».] И откуда мы получаем даже два? Из (Малахия 3:16): «Тогда поклонники Господа говорили друг с другом [(подразумеваются два)], а слушали и слышали и т.д.» и откуда мы получаем хоть один? Из (Исход 20:21): «Где бы я ни упомянул Мое имя, я приду к вам и благословлю вас».
Shemirat HaLashon
And in Avoth 3:6 we find: "If one takes upon himself the yoke of Torah, there are removed from him … and the yoke of [earning] a livelihood." Their speaking of "taking upon himself the yoke of Torah" rather than of "learning Torah" implies that this is so only if he takes upon himself the yoke of Torah, not to grow lax in it by any means — like an ox under the yoke, as they have said (Avodah Zarah 5b): "It was taught in the school of Eliyahu: 'Let one always make himself as an ox for the yoke and as an ass for the burden for [the sake of] words of Torah.'" And then, even if the burden of the yoke of earning a livelihood were upon him already it is removed from him. How much more so will the L-rd "arrange" things so that it not be put upon him [in the first place]. And the Torah also protects a man to rescue him from the din of Gehinnom even though he sinned — a fortiori, from the instance of Elisha Acher. For they said (Chagigah 15b): "When Acher died, they said: 'Let him not be judged [(to descend to Gehinnom)], for he occupied himself with Torah, and let him not come to the world to come because he sinned [(in heresy)].'" And we find in Aggadath Mishlei: "There is no charity that saves from the din of Gehinnom, but only Torah alone." [And we learned:] "The fathers of the world answered: 'Since you have been caught in the net of judgment, there is nothing you can do but sit and occupy yourselves with Torah, for it [alone] atones for sin.'" They have also said (Chagigah 27a): "The fire of Gehinnom does not prevail over Torah scholars — a fortiori from [the instance of] a salamander, which, since it is generated by fire, one who anoints himself with it, is not affected by fire. How much more so, Torah scholars, whose entire body is fire, viz. (Jeremiah 23:29): "'Is not My word thus like fire?' says the L-rd?"
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Shenei Luchot HaBerit
Here you have the duties of the true Torah scholar spelled out. He is considered a Torah scholar as long as he diligently uses every opportunity to deepen his Torah knowledge both by day and by night. While doing all this he is relieved of the obligation of paying taxes, and other duties imposed on ordinary citizens. Everyone else will take care of such a Torah scholar's needs. If, however, the Torah scholar chooses a restful existence, וירא מנוחה כי טוב, then his status is reversed and and he becomes למס עובד, subject to paying taxes, etc. In such a situation he will feel the duties of ordinary citizens as especially burdensome. The statement of our sages in Avot 3,6 will apply to him: "He who casts off the yoke of Torah studies will have the yoke of government and secular life imposed upon him."
